The development and understanding of intracranial aneurysm based on rabbit model
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REVIEW
The development and understanding of intracranial aneurysm based on rabbit model Haishuang Tang 1,2 & Zhiwen Lu 1 & Gaici Xue 1 & Sisi Li 1 & Fengfeng Xu 2 & Yazhou Yan 1 & Jianmin Liu 1 & Qiao Zuo 1 & Yin Luo 1 & Qinghai Huang 1 Received: 26 February 2020 / Accepted: 10 June 2020 # Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract In modern society, intracranial aneurysms have seriously affected people’s life. To better study and treat intracranial aneurysm, animal models are ideal candidates to perform biological research and preclinical endovascular device testing. Rabbit aneurysm model is one of the most commonly used animal models, and the rabbit aneurysms share similarities in histology, morphology, and hemodynamic aspects with human intracranial aneurysms, which is an ideal model for intracranial aneurysm pre-clinical and basic research. In this review, we will summarize the main methods of establishing rabbit aneurysms model and will further discuss the current biological mechanisms of intracranial aneurysms based on rabbit model. Further improvements of rabbit aneurysm model and more deep studies based on this model are needed to provide new insights into studying and clinical treating intracranial aneurysm. Keywords Intracranial aneurysm . Rabbit . Model . Biological mechanism . Preclinical
Introduction Cerebrovascular disease (CVD) have become a huge threaten to human health, seriously affecting society and economy development. Among CVDs, intracranial aneurysm (IA) has always drawn people’s attention due to its high mortality and morbidity rate. As one of the most serious CVDs, subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH), accounting for 5% of all stroke, is mostly caused by IA. Once SAH occurs, half of the patients will result into death in a few weeks and less than one third will return to normal life in the follow-up period [1, 2]. Thus, elucidating the biology of IA is significant for us to prevent and treat IA. For this purpose, animal models of IA are wildly used for preclinical and basic researches. Among these animal models, rabbit aneurysm models share similar features with human IA, and in Haishuang Tang, Zhiwen Lu and Gaici Xue contributed equally to this work. * Qinghai Huang [email protected] 1
Department of Neurosurgery, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, People’s Republic of China
2
Naval Medical Center of PLA, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200050, People’s Republic of China
recent years, it has been created and modified in various studies [3, 4]. In this review, we will focus on different methods of rabbit aneurysm model and will discuss the similarities and discrepancies between human and animal IA.
Overview of intracranial aneurysm and animal model According to the epidemic studies, the incidence of IA around the world ranges from 0.65 to 7.0% [5, 6]. Although most IAs are asymptomatic and remain stable during their natural history, once IA ruptures, the coming subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) is usually accompanied with
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