The effect of exosomes derived from mesenchymal stem cells in the treatment of induced type 1 diabetes mellitus in rats
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ORIGINAL RESEARCH PAPER
The effect of exosomes derived from mesenchymal stem cells in the treatment of induced type 1 diabetes mellitus in rats Dina Sabry Mai Samir
. Samar Marzouk . Reem Zakaria . Heba A. Ibrahim .
Received: 1 January 2020 / Accepted: 5 May 2020 Springer Nature B.V. 2020
Abstract Aim The aim of the current study was to evaluate the therapeutic and regenerative effects of MSCs derived exosomes in the treatment of type 1 DM and to compare its effects with MSCs themselves. The experiment was done on forty albino rats grouped as follows, group (1): Ten healthy rats, group (2): Ten induced type 1 DM rats, group (3): Ten induced type 1 DM rats received exosomes intraperitoneally, and group (4): Ten induced type 1 DM rats received MSCs intraperitoneally. Serum glucose and plasma insulin levels were assessed weekly. QRT-PCR was done to assess regeneration of pancreatic beta cells by measuring insulin, Pdx1, Smad2, Smad3 and TGFb genes. Additionally, histopathological and immune-histochemical examinations were done to confirm pancreatic tissue regeneration. Results Regarding the assessed genes (insulin, Pdx1, Smad2, Smad3 and Tgfb) gene expression in MSCs treated group showed significant increase compared to diabetic group (p value \ 0.001) and gene expression in exosomes treated group was increased significantly compared to diabetic and MSCs treated groups (p D. Sabry (&) S. Marzouk R. Zakaria M. Samir Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt e-mail: [email protected] H. A. Ibrahim Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
value \ 0.001). Histopathological and immune-histochemical examination revealed regeneration of pancreatic islets in both treated groups. Conclusion MSCs Derived exosomes showed superior therapeutic and regenerative results than MSCs themselves Keyword Type 1 DM MSCs Exosomes Insulin Pdx1 Smad2 Smad3 Tgfb
Introduction Type 1 diabetes mellitus is caused by chronic insulin deficiency resulting from destruction of pancreatic islets beta cells by the immune system. The long term macrovascular and microvascular complications can be destructive. The long term survival for patients with the disease has been improved since insulin discovery about 100 years ago. Each year trials to discover a cure are carried out but much work is still required to eliminate the disease [1]. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are multipotent cells capable of differentiating into mature cells of several mesenchymal tissues. MSCs are one of the most commonly researched stem cells due to their ability to differentiate into mesoderm and non-mesoderm derived tissues, their immunomodulatory effects, their availability and their role in maintaining and replenishing endogenous stem cell niches [2]. The minor MSCs engraftment rate
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Biotechnol Lett
observed in damaged tissues strengthens the postulation that MSCs achieve their curative role by replacing
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