The effect of Np-magnetite on the granulation process of an SBR reactor used for domestic wastewater treatment
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RESEARCH PAPER
The effect of Np‑magnetite on the granulation process of an SBR reactor used for domestic wastewater treatment Dayane Gonzaga Domingos1 · Nelson Libardi1 · Rosana Oliveira Henriques2 · Jéssica Antunes Xavier1 · Rejane Helena Ribeiro da Costa1 Received: 9 April 2020 / Accepted: 18 August 2020 © Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract This study investigated the effect of magnetite nanoparticles (Np-magnetite) added to a pilot-scale sequencing batch reactor (SBR) treating domestic wastewater, to improve aerobic granular sludge (AGS) formation and the effects of granule disintegration. Np-magnetite additions (75 mg L−1) were made during the start-up of the reactor and repeated after 100 and 170 days, when granule disintegration was observed. From the first Np-magnetite addition, S VI5 was reduced from 1315 to 85 mL g−1. The granular biomass was observed on the 56th day, when 57% of the granules presented diameters bigger than 212 µm. The 100-day disintegration episode disturbed the granular biomass, reducing the volatile suspended solids by 51%, increasing the SVI values to above 200 mL g−1. Np-magnetite addition recovered all the granular biomass parameters to the values observed before disintegration. The treatment efficiency was stable during operation of the reactor for nutrients (52.8 ± 23.4% NH4+–N; 54.5 ± 12.2% PO43−–P) and carbonaceous organic matter (71.7 ± 12.7% B OD5; 77.5 ± 10.0% CODt). Np-magnetite addition changed the microbial community of the granular sludge, analysed via high-throughput 16S RNA sequencing, and recovered the treatment efficiency previously disturbed by the disintegration processes. These results indicate the potential of Np-magnetite as an agent for sludge aggregation in an aerobic granular reactor. Keywords Aerobic granular sludge · Sequencing batch reactor · Magnetite nanoparticles · Domestic wastewater
Introduction The use of aerobic granular sludge (AGS) for the treatment of domestic wastewater with efficient carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus removal has attracted the attention of researchers worldwide. Due to its fast settling properties, AGS overcomes some of the limitations of activated sludge, favoring solid/liquid separation and resulting in a better-quality effluent [1]. Despite the advantages offered by AGS reactors, there are still issues with large-scale application due Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s00449-020-02432-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * Dayane Gonzaga Domingos [email protected] 1
Department of Sanitary and Environmental Engineering, Federal University of Santa Catarina-UFSC, Florianópolis 88040‑970, Brazil
Department of Chemical Engineering, Federal University of Santa Catarina-UFSC, Florianópolis 88040‑970, Brazil
2
to granule disintegration and the length of time required for granular biomass formation, which is over 30 days [2–4]. Granule disintegration has been relat
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