The European Edisons Volta, Tesla, and Tigerstedt

This book explores the lives, inventions, discoveries, and significant work of three extraordinary European inventors with noteworthy links to the great Thomas Alva Edison – Alessandro Volta, Nikola Tesla, and Eric Tigerstedt. It explores the business and

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ANAND KUMAR SETHI

The European Edisons

Anand Kumar Sethi

The European Edisons Volta, Tesla, and Tigerstedt

Anand Kumar Sethi New Delhi India

ISBN 978-1-137-49220-3 ISBN 978-1-137-49222-7 DOI 10.1057/978-1-137-49222-7

(eBook)

Library of Congress Control Number: 2016943545 © The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s) 2016 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are solely and exclusively licensed by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. The publisher, the authors and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the publisher nor the authors or the editors give a warranty, express or implied, with respect to the material contained herein or for any errors or omissions that may have been made. Cover Image © colin burt / Alamy Stock Photo Printed on acid-free paper This Palgrave Macmillan imprint is published by Springer Nature The registered company is Nature America Inc. New York

“I never perfected an invention that I did not think about in terms of the service it might give others…I find out what the world needs, then I proceed to invent.” “I have not failed. I’ve just found 10,000 ways that won’t work. Many of life’s failures are people who did not realize how close they were to success when they gave up. I never did a day’s work in my life, it was all fun.” “We will make electricity so cheap that only the rich will burn candles yet!” —Thomas Alva Edison

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PREFACE

It is often said that the most difficult part of writing a book is the preface, and even more so when the author wishes to dedicate the book to someone very special. In writing this book I was faced with the same difficulty. How do you really decide this issue? One interacts with so many people over the years—family, teachers, colleagues, and business acquaintances from different countries, to many of whom one feels a profound debt of gratitude and appreciation. The title of this work betrays the book’s focus: Europeans. While visiting places in Europe, I have many times experienced déjà vu moments. Could there be a cosmic connection to Europe then? I don’t know! All I can say is that following a complicated surgical procedure at a London Hospital an eminent surgeon asserted that my ailment and DNA are typical of Macedonians. Well, Alexander the Great and his Macedonians did conquer the northern