The Extractive metallurgy of old scrap recycle
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The Extractive Metallurgy of Old Scrap Recycle
W.R. HIBBARD, Jr.
The current status of old scrap recycling by extractive processing is reviewed and appraised. Current needs and ongoing research are identified. Future developments are projected and the role of "urban" mines is forecast.
I.
INTRODUCTION
FIFTEEN years ago at the Annual Meeting in Los Angeles, as Director of the United States Bureau of Mines and President of the AIME, I addressed the Extractive Metallurgy luncheon on the subject of New Horizons in Extractive Metallurgy. ~ The presentation focused on scrap heaps as domestic resources to be mined and the application of extractive technology to this operation. After describing crushing, grinding, and minerals beneficiation technologies then in use for this purpose, I discussed the Bureau of Mines program in waste processing and old scrap recycling including the needs for recycling electronic scrap, photographic solutions, heavy metals from appliances, junk autos, municipal waste, and design for recycle. The Extractive Metallurgy Lecture was authorized in 1959 to provide an outstanding man in the field of nonferrous metallurgy as a lecturer at the annual AIME meeting.
WALTER R. HIBBARD, Jr. is a University Distinguished Professor of Engineering and Director of the Virginia Center for Coal and Energy Research at Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA. In 1974, he served as Deputy Director and Specialist on Fossil Fuels in the Energy Research and Development Office of the Federal Energy Office. From 1968 to 1974 he was Vice President of Technical Services in the Owens-Corning Fiberglas Corporation, Toledo, OH. Dr. Hibbard is on the Board of Directors of Norton Company. He served as Director of the Bureau of Mines in the U.S. Department of the Interior, Washington, DC from 1965 to 1968. Prior to this appointment, he was manager of the Metallurgy and Ceramics Department of General Electric Research Laboratory, Schenectady, NY. He taught Metallurgy at Yale University and at Renssalaer Polytechnic Institute. METALLURGICALTRANSACTIONS B
During the subsequent 15 years many of these needs have been met 2'3 and there exists a thriving recycle industry~ ranging from direct feed into the primary system as in the case of iron and steel, ~ new secondary systems as in the case of aluminum, 6 shredding and separating systems as in the case of junk autos, 7 and finally the leanest resource which is municipal solid waste, 8 where cans, bottles, and newspapers are separated from garbage by residents? Thus, it seemed appropriate to review once again the status of recycling by extractive processing, 6'~~to identify the needs, and to forecast future developments. In 1967 the principal recycled metals were aluminum, copper, lead, iron and steel, and zinc. ~ In the subsequent 15 years, aluminum recycle has more than tripled principally Dr. Hibbard is a member of the National Academy of Engineering and has served on committees of the National Research Council and the National Academy of Sciences
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