The impact of parturition induction with cloprostenol on immunological parameters in the sow colostrum
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(2020) 6:35
RESEARCH
Open Access
The impact of parturition induction with cloprostenol on immunological parameters in the sow colostrum Karolina Hlavová, Hana Kudláčková and Martin Faldyna*
Abstract Background: Farrowing induction with prostaglandin F2 analogue cloprostenol is commonly used on commercial farms to manage the timing of farrowing. When labour induction is applied, the questions arise about possible side effects of such a hormonal intervention on physiological processes connected with labour and lactation, including colostral immunity. Results: In this study, immune cells composition, lysozyme concentration, complement bacteriolytic activity and proinflamatory (GM-CSF2, IL-1β, IL-6, a TNFα) and anti-inflammatory (IL-4, IL-10, TGFβ1 a TGFβ2) cytokines were measured in colostrum samples from sows farrowing naturally (NP) and from sows with farrowing induced using cloprostenol administration on day 113 of gestation (IP). A significantly higher proportion of lymphocytes was found in colostrum of induced sows compared to colostrum of non-induced sows. No significant differences between NP and IP were found in complement activity, in the proportions of granulocytes, macrophages and lymphocyte subpopulations. Lower lysozyme concentration and higher IL-1β, IL-6, TGFβ1 and TNFα concentrations were found in IP sow colostrum compared to colostrum from NP sows. Conclusions: An increased proportion of colostral lymphocytes can positively influence the cellular immunity transmission from sow to her offspring. On the other hand, a lower lysozyme concentration can adversely affect newborn’s intestinal immunity, as well as changes in cytokine concentrations can have an adverse effect on newborn piglet intestinal epithelium development and its defence function. Keywords: Sow, Colostrum, Lymphocytes, Cytokines, Complement, Lysozyme
Background Parturition induction using prostaglandin F2α (PGF2α) or its synthetic analogue cloprostenol is a common practice in pig industry [1, 2]. This animal husbandry intervention has many positive effects on breeding efficiency. Parturition induction on its own decreases variability in gestation length, facilitating the timing of birth. This makes it easier to look after the sow and newborn piglets during the birth and control the sufficient intake of colostrum by all piglets. More careful birth monitoring * Correspondence: [email protected] Veterinary Research Institute, Hudcova 296/70, 621 00 Brno, Czech Republic
leads to lower number of stillbirths and neonatal mortality [3] and increases total colostrum intake by whole litter [4]. However, in spite of the above mentioned positive effects, questions are arising, whether parturition induction could adversely affect various physiological parameters, e.g. immunoglobulins content, presence of immune cells etc. For a newborn piglet, colostrum is a vital source of immunologically active substances, which play the main role in piglet’s protection against potential infection. Colostrum components also help a newborn piglet to adapt to living
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