The impact of the input interface in a virtual environment: the Vive controller and the Myo armband
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ORIGINAL ARTICLE
The impact of the input interface in a virtual environment: the Vive controller and the Myo armband Lucio Tommaso De Paolis1 · Valerio De Luca1 Received: 18 July 2019 / Accepted: 7 November 2019 © Springer-Verlag London Ltd., part of Springer Nature 2019
Abstract Gesture-based touchless devices are becoming a widespread alternative to traditional gaming devices such as joysticks or gamepads. However, the impact of such devices on the user experience has to be evaluated, especially if we consider that most users are more familiar with classical handheld gaming controllers. In virtual reality applications, they influence not only the traditional usability, but also the user perception related to some peculiarities of immersive environments. In this paper, we evaluate both these aspects by comparing the user experience with the Myo armband touchless interface and the Vive controller distributed with the HTC Vive headset. We focused on a virtual navigator we developed for HTC Vive to allow users exploring the organs of the human body and navigating inside them. We recruited 78 subjects to test the virtual environment and asked them to fill in a questionnaire: we combined two generic purpose questionnaires focusing on the system usability (UMUX and SUS) and a presence questionnaire, which was specifically designed for virtual environments. We conducted a statistical analysis to study the effects of a touchless interaction on the user experience. The results revealed a better usability of the Myo armband, even though the effort to learn how to use the two devices is similar. In particular, difficulties in using Myo have a significant impact on immersion and adaptation in the virtual environment. Keywords Touchless interaction · Gesture · User experience · Usability · Presence · Virtual environment
1 Introduction Touchless interfaces, which allow giving commands without touching anything, have become more and more popular in ICT. In virtual reality applications, they enable the possibility to move or manipulate virtual objects by means of gestures or even by simulating the act of grasping objects. They bring important benefits in several application scenarios. For instance, during surgical operations touchless interaction allows to meet health and hygiene standards, which prohibit coming in contact with nonsterilized objects and thus prevent the use of keyboards, mouse and touchscreens. In such contexts, gesture-based touchless interaction can allow doctors to consult medical data during interventions (De Paolis 2016). Moreover, it can be employed in augmented reality * Valerio De Luca [email protected] Lucio Tommaso De Paolis [email protected] 1
Department of Engineering for Innovation, University of Salento, Lecce, Italy
applications, which superimpose 3D models reconstructed from CT slices on the patient body to guide surgical procedures (De Paolis and De Luca 2019): while the interaction with 3D models of the organs can still exploit touch-based devices in virtual train
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