The Marxist Opposition to Capitalism and Business

Marxism is a political ideology synonymous with worker exploitation and capitalist oppression. Marxist thoughts and ideas occupy a prominent place in management history. Regarded as one of the most influential authors of the “nineteenth century,” Karl Mar

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Kaylee Boccalatte

Contents Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Marxism Begins: Proudhon and Marx . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Marx the Revolutionary: Communist Manifesto, Wage-Labour and Capital, and the British Rule in India . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Marx the Economist: Capital . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Implications for Management History: Reflections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Conclusion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Cross-References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

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Abstract

Marxism is a political ideology synonymous with worker exploitation and capitalist oppression. Marxist thoughts and ideas occupy a prominent place in management history. Regarded as one of the most influential authors of the “nineteenth century,” Karl Marx’s work was seen as a beacon of light for the “exploited” “proletariat.” Motivated by the evident disparity between the “poverty” and “sickness” of the working class and the “triumph” of capitalists, Marx was uncompromising in his resolve to explain the class struggle brought about by private enterprise. While conceding the economic progress made possible through capitalism improved the social conditions for some, Marx believed that the consequence of this progress, the perpetual cycle of degradation and misery experienced by an exploited working class, was not an acceptable price to pay. Whether Marx’s theories are supported or opposed, they have had a lasting influence on the minds and actions of those living within a capitalist society. Altering the “nature and direction” of “social science,” Karl Marx’s collective K. Boccalatte (*) James Cook University, Douglas, QLD, Australia e-mail: [email protected] © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2020 B. Bowden et al. (eds.), The Palgrave Handbook of Management History, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-62114-2_105

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works have endured as one of “the most powerful” forces “permanently transforming the ways in which” people “act and think.” Within this chapter,