The Nephroprotective Effect of Lycopene on Renal Ischemic Reperfusion Injury: A Mouse Model
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ORIGINAL RESEARCH ARTICLE
The Nephroprotective Effect of Lycopene on Renal Ischemic Reperfusion Injury: A Mouse Model Yasmeen A. Hussien1 • Hussien Abdalkadim2 • Waddah Mahbuba2 Najah R. Hadi2 • Dina A. Jamil3 • Hayder A. Al-Aubaidy3
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Received: 11 July 2019 / Accepted: 7 September 2019 Ó Association of Clinical Biochemists of India 2019
Abstract Acute kidney injury (AKI) is characterized by fast decline in renal function within a short period of time. Renal ischemic–reperfusion (I–R) injury is the main cause of AKI. This study aims to investigate the possible nephroprotective effect of lycopene on renal ischemic– reperfusion injury in mice model. Forty Swiss Albino adult male mice were randomly allocated onto one of the four study groups: sham group: mice had median laparotomy under anesthesia with no procedures performed, renal tissues and blood samples were collected. ischemic–reperfusion group (I–R-control): mice underwent median laparotomy under anesthesia, followed by 30 min bilateral renal ischemia. Renal tissues and blood samples were collected after 2 h from reperfusion. Vehicle-treated group: mice were pretreated with intra 1% dimethyl sulfoxide 30 min before inducing ischemia. Lycopene-treated group: mice were pretreated with 10 mg/kg intraperitoneal injection of lycopene 30 min before inducing renal ischemia. Renal tissues, and blood samples were collected after 2 h from reperfusion. Blood and tissue samples were collected to look for evidence of inflammation and necrosis. Blood urea nitrogen, serum creatinine as well as plasma NGAL levels were significantly increased in the active control group (P B 0.05), when compared to the sham group. Similarly, renal levels of Notch2/Hes 1, TLR 2, IL-6, Bax, and F2-isoprostane were significantly increased in the & Hayder A. Al-Aubaidy [email protected] 1
College of Pharmacy, Al-Kafeel University, Al-Najaf, Iraq
2
Faculty of Medicine, University of Kufa, Al-Najaf, Iraq
3
School of Life Sciences, College of Science, Health and Engineering, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC 3086, Australia
active control group as compared to the sham group (P B 0.05). Moreover, lycopene treatment was found to be significantly effective in reducing the increased levels of these markers after I–R injury (P B 0.05). Keywords Renal ischemia–reperfusion injury Lycopene Notch2/hes1 protein IL-6 NF-jB
Introduction Acute kidney injury (AKI) is becoming a common pathological disorder, characterized by rapid deterioration of renal function with a relatively short period. AKI can be classified according to the etiology into the major categories: (pre-renal, renal, and post-renal). The prerenal causes of AKI account for 25%, the intrarenal causes account for 35–70%, while the postrenal causes generally account for \ 5% [1]. Ischemic–reperfusion (I–R) injury is the main cause of AKI. Acute ischemia can be defined as a sudden drop in blood flow which causes inadequate oxygen and nutrients supply to the kidney tissue. This cause contributes to 80–90% of the renal etiolo
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