The Parigi Mechanism: A Novel 1-DOF Mechanism and Its Application as a Kinetic Reciprocal System (KRS) Adaptive Facade
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The Parigi Mechanism: A Novel 1‑DOF Mechanism and Its Application as a Kinetic Reciprocal System (KRS) Adaptive Facade Dario Parigi1 Accepted: 5 November 2020 © Kim Williams Books, Turin 2020
Abstract The Parigi mechanism, invented by the author, is described and defined rigorously with the use of the kinetic reciprocal system (KRS) algorithm. The mechanism possesses one degree of freedom (DOF) and consists of a network of elements reciprocally connected with pin-slot joints. The network can be extended infinitely and retain one DOF, regardless of the number of elements added. The principle of the KRS algorithm is presented, and the inputs required to generate the Parigi mechanism are described. A KRS adaptive facade based on the Parigi mechanism is proposed. Since the mechanism possesses one DOF, a single actuator can actuate it. Therefore, a facade based on this mechanism can be engineered with a reduced mechanical complexity, while allowing the control of building physics performance (daylight illumination, solar gain, ventilation, acoustics), as well as quantifiable (privacy, view) and unquantifiable (composition, aesthetic sense of the movement) architectural parameters. Keywords Parigi mechanism · Kinetic reciprocal system (KRS) algorithm · Adaptive facade · Kinetic structures · Structural reciprocity
Introduction Background The mechanical phenomena in assemblies of rigid, semi-rigid and smart materials, as well as the related control strategies, are some of the major concerns for the development of kinetic architecture. Kinetic architecture is generally defined as buildings, or building components, that have variable location or mobility and/ * Dario Parigi [email protected] 1
Thomas Manns Vej 23, Room 1‑355, 9220 Aalborg, Denmark Vol.:(0123456789)
D. Parigi
or variable geometry or movement (Fox 2001). The inclusion of movement in architectural design is related to the transformational capacity of a building, which in turn can act as an important catalyst for sustainable development (Brancart et al. 2017). For centuries, moveable devices such as movable louvers, simple folding or sliding shutters and traditional hinged windows have been used in facades (Stevenson 2011). Facades are the skin of a building, and must provide a response to functional scenarios that may be conflicting (daylight illumination vs. artificial lighting, view vs. privacy, solar gain vs. overheating, daylight vs. glare, etc.) while being exposed to an ever-changing environment (Tabadkani et al. 2020). The mobility of physical parts in a facade offers environmental benefits by compensating for changing meteorological conditions and user needs. With the current ongoing digitalization and transition towards ubiquitous computation and networking, there is a growing shift towards the idea of adaptive facades. An adaptive facade is characterized by an integration of physical devices (sensors, actuators, mechanisms) and their digital control; it constitute a system in which interconnected elements and sensors dynamically respond to
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