The psychometric properties and clinical utility of the Norwegian versions of the deliberate self-harm inventory and the
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The psychometric properties and clinical utility of the Norwegian versions of the deliberate self-harm inventory and the inventory of statements about self-injury Johanna Vigfusdottir 1
&
Karl Yngvar Dale 2 & Kim L. Gratz 3 & E. David Klonsky 4 & Egil Jonsbu 1 & Reidun Høidal 1
Accepted: 11 November 2020 # The Author(s) 2020
Abstract Deliberate self-harm (DSH) is a widespread transdiagnostic health problem with increasing prevalence among adolescences, and young adults. It is therefore essential to effectively chart the epidemiology of DSH, as well as to assess the efficacy of interventions designed to modify this behavior. The aim was to translate and analyze the psychometric properties of the Norwegian versions of two instruments designed to assess DSH: the Deliberate Self-harm Inventory (DSHI) and the Inventory of Statements About Self-Injury (ISAS), as well as to assess the prevalence of DSH within a nonclinical Norwegian adult population. Of the 402 participants who completed a questionnaire packet comprising the DSHI, ISAS, general questions about DSH, and other related measures, 30.6% reported some form of DSH. Those with a history of DSH reported greater difficulties with emotion regulation than those without. Participants with and without a history of DSH did not differ in unrelated constructs, including social desirability. The frequency of specific DSH behaviors was in accordance with previous research, with cutting being the most frequent. The factor structure of DSH functions in the Norwegian ISAS was generally comparable to the factor structure of the English version. Overall, results indicate that: a) the Norwegian versions of the DSHI and ISAS behave as expected and in accordance with prior research in other languages and other populations, and b) both the DSHI and ISAS have high internal consistency and adequate construct, convergent, and discriminant validity, and may be applied to evaluate DSH in adult Norwegian populations. Keywords Deliberate self-harm . Self-injury . Psychometric . Translation . Cross-cultural . Assessment
Introduction Deliberate self-harm (DSH), also referred to as non-suicidal self-injury, is defined as direct self-destruction or alternation of body tissue without conscious suicidal intent, but resulting in injuries severe enough for tissue damage to occur (American Psychiatric Association, 2013; Favazza, 1998). DSH is a major public health problem with increasing prevalence in adolescent and young adult populations (Madge et al., 2011; Tørmoen, Myhre, Walby, Grøholt, & Rossow, 2020). * Johanna Vigfusdottir [email protected] 1
Department of Psychiatriy, Møre og Romsdal Hospital Trust, Postbox 1600, 6026 Ålesund, Norway
2
University College of Molde, Molde, Norway
3
University of Toledo, Toledo, OH, USA
4
University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
This behavior often remains undetected in clinical and school settings unless directly assessed. Indeed, lifetime rates of DSH range from 13 to 41.5% within community adolescent samples (most of wh
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