The Rise and Fall of Revenue Farming Business Elites and the Emergen
Until the early 1900s governments of Southeast Asia farmed out the right to run opium, gambling and other monopolies. Yet by about 1920 all of the major farms had been abolished and the collection of revenue brought under direct bureaucratic control. This
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STUDIES IN THE ECONOMIES OF EAST AND SOUTH-EAST ASIA
General Editors: Peter Nolan, Lecturer in the Faculty of Economics and Politics, University of Cambridge, and Fellow and Director of Studies in Economics, Jesus College, Cambridge, England; and Malcolm Falkus, Professor of Economic History, University of New England, Armidale, NSW, Australia In the last decades of the twentieth century the small and medium-sized nations of East and South-East Asia have begun a process of potentially enormous political and economic transformation. Explosive growth has occurred already in many parts of the region and the more slowly growing countries are attempting to emulate this vanguard group. The impact of the region upon the world economy has increased rapidly and is likely to continue to do so in the future. In order to understand better economic developments within this vast and diverse region, this series publishes books on both contemporary and historical issues. It includes works both by Western scholars and by economists from countries within the region.
The Rise and Fall of Revenue Farming Business Elites and the Emergence of the Modern State in Southeast Asia Edited by
John Butcher Senior Lecturer in Asian and International Studies Griffith University, Nathan
and
Howard Dick Senior Lecturer in Economics University of Newcastle, New South Wales
©John G. Butcher and H. W. Dick 1993 Softcover reprint of the hardcover 1st edition 1993 All rights reserved. No reproduction, copy or transmission of this publication may be made without written permission. No paragraph of this publication may be reproduced, copied or transmitted save with written permission or in accordance with the provisions of the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988, or under the terms of any licence permitting limited copying issued by the Copyright Licensing Agency, 90 Tottenham Coun Road, London WIP9HE. Any person who does any unauthorised act in relation to this publication may be liable to criminal prosecution and civil claims for damages. First published in Great Britain 1993 by THE MACMILLAN PRESS LTD Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hampshire RG21 2XS and London Companies and representatives throughout the world A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library. ISBN 978-1-349-22879-9
ISBN 978-1-349-22877-5 (eBook)
DOI 10.1007/978-1-349-22877-5
First published in the United States of America 1993 by Scholarly and Reference Division, ST. MARTIN'S PRESS, INC., 175 Fifth Avenue, New York, N.Y. 10010 ISBN 978-0-312-08993-1
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data The Rise and fall of revenue farming : business elites and the emergence of the modem state in Southeast Asia I edited by John Butcher and Howard Dick. p. em. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 978-0-312-08993-1
I. Taxes, Farming of-Asia, Southeastern-History. I. Butcher, John G. II. Dick, H. W. (Howard W.) HJ4393.R58 1993 92-28899 336.2'00959---dc20 CIP 10 04
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7 6 5 4 0 I 00 99 98
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In memory of Jennifer Cushman
