The Role of Eating Behaviours in Genetic Susceptibility to Obesity
- PDF / 327,342 Bytes
- 10 Pages / 595.276 x 790.866 pts Page_size
- 72 Downloads / 171 Views
PSYCHOLOGICAL ISSUES (V DRAPEAU AND V IVEZAJ, SECTION EDITORS)
The Role of Eating Behaviours in Genetic Susceptibility to Obesity Moritz Herle 1
&
Andrea D. Smith 2 & Alice Kininmonth 3 & Clare Llewellyn 2
# The Author(s) 2020
Abstract Purpose of Review Eating behaviours are hypothesised to be the behavioural expression of genetic risk of obesity. In this review, we summarise findings from behavioural genetic research on the association between genetic risk for obesity and validated psychometrics measures of eating behaviours in children and adults (published in the past 10 years). Recent Findings Twin studies have produced some evidence for a shared genetic aetiology underlying body mass index and eating behaviours. Studies using measured genetic susceptibility to obesity have suggested that increased genetic liability for obesity is associated with variation in obesogenic eating behaviours such as emotional and uncontrolled eating. Summary More research on this topic is needed. Especially longitudinal studies using genetically sensitive designs to investigate the direction of genetic pathways between genetic liability of eating behaviours to weight and vice versa, as well as the potential subsequent link to eating disorders. Keywords CEBQ . Appetite . Appetitive traits . Eating behaviours . Genetics . Obesity . Twin studies . Polygenic risk scores . Behavioural susceptibility
Introduction Obesity rates continue to rise globally and, to date, no country has yet been able to reverse this trend [1]. This is of concern given the considerable economic and social costs attributable to the increased morbidity and mortality associated with obesity. A comprehensive analysis of the direct healthcare costs and associated loss in economic activity estimated the total cost of obesity to amount to $2 trillion annually [2], which is roughly equivalent to 2.8% of the world’s gross domestic product. Current trends estimate that global obesity prevalence remains at around 13% of adults (aged > 18 years), but this increases to 39% of adults if the prevalence of overweight and obesity is combined [3]. In addition, childhood obesity is This article is part of the Topical Collection on Psychological Issues * Moritz Herle [email protected] 1
Department of Biostatistics & Health Informatics, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, Kings College London, 16 De Crespigny Park, London SE5 8AF, UK
2
Research Department of Behavioural Science and Health, University College London, London, UK
3
School of Psychology, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
on the rise; with approximately 40 million children under 5 years of age being classified as having overweight or obesity in the year 2018. Evidently, the obesity pandemic is one of the biggest global public health challenges, and better understanding of the aetiology of obesity remains a key public health priority. Changes to the food and activity environments such as increased availability of energy dense foods and more sedentary lifestyles have been implicated as key
Data Loading...
