The Role of Oxidants and Antioxidants in Chronic Tonsillitis
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ORIGINAL ARTICLE
The Role of Oxidants and Antioxidants in Chronic Tonsillitis R. Chethana1
•
P. P. Devan2 • K. Sushmitha3
Received: 3 July 2020 / Accepted: 20 August 2020 Ó Association of Otolaryngologists of India 2020
Abstract The aim of the study was to determine the possible role of oxidants and antioxidants in chronic tonsillitis in paediatric age group and also to know the outcome of tonsillectomy on the oxidative stress 60 patients (30 tests, 30 controls) in the age group 3–14 years were recruited in the study. Total antioxidant capacity, superoxide dismutase (antioxidants), Malondialdehyde (oxidant) was measured from the venous blood sample. In the study group, i.e. group with chronic tonsillitis who were to undergo tonsillectomy, these levels were measured twice, preoperatively and 1 month after surgery. In the control group the parameters were measured only once. The results were compared statistically. Malondialdehyde levels (oxidant) levels in blood were siginificantly high in patients with chronic tonsillitis which reduced post tonsillectomy but did not normalise in 1 month after tonsillectomy. Total antioxidant capacity and superoxide dismutase levels (antioxidants) in blood were significantly low in patients with chronic tonsillitis which improved post tonsillectomy but did not normalize 1 month post-surgery. The study showed that oxidants and antioxidants have a role in chronic tonsillitis.Children with chronic tonsillitis are under significant oxidative stress. Reduction in oxidative stress post tonsillectomy suggested that the surgery was helpful in this respect.
& R. Chethana [email protected] 1
Bharati Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University) Medical College, Pune, Maharashtra, India
2
A. J . Institute of Medical Sciences, Mangalore, Karnataka, India
3
Kasturba Medical College, Mangalore, Karnataka, India
Keywords Total antioxidant capacity Superoxide dismutase Malondialdehyde Tonsillectomy
Introduction Chronic tonsillitis is a chronic inflammation of the faucial tonsil due to either repeated attacks of acute tonsillitis or because of inadequately resolved acute tonsillitis. Chronic tonsillitis is a frequently encountered problem in routine practice. It causes frequent absenteeism from school and has negative impact on growth and development of child [1]. Free radicals are highly reactive molecules containing one or more unpaired electrons. They can cause tissue damage by reacting with lipids, proteins, carbohydrates of the cell [1]. The damaging effects of free radicals are limited by antioxidants in the body. Glutathione peroxidase, superoxide dismutase, glucose 6 phosphate dehydrogenase are few enzymatic antioxidants whereas non enzymatic antioxidants include beta carotene, alpha tocopherol, ascorbic acid, retinol [2]. Blood has a central role in striking a balance between oxidants and antioxidants as it transports and redistributes antioxidants. Low antioxidant levels in blood may lead to frequent upper respiratory infections by having a negative effect on immune system.
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