Auraptene and Its Role in Chronic Diseases
Auraptene (7-geranyloxycoumarin) is the best known and most abundant prenyloxycoumarin present in nature. It is synthesized by various plant species, mainly those of the Rutaceae and Umbeliferae (Apiaceae) families, comprising many edible fruits and veget
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Abstract Auraptene (7-geranyloxycoumarin) is the best known and most abundant prenyloxycoumarin present in nature. It is synthesized by various plant species, mainly those of the Rutaceae and Umbeliferae (Apiaceae) families, comprising many edible fruits and vegetables such as lemons, grapefruit and orange. Auraptene has shown a remarkable effect in the prevention of degenerative diseases, in particular it has been reported to be one the most promising known natural chemopreventive G. Derosa (&) P. Maffioli Department of Internal Medicine and Therapeutics, University of Pavia, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, P.le C. Golgi, 2-27100 Pavia, Italy e-mail: [email protected] P. Maffioli e-mail: pamelamaffi[email protected] G. Derosa P. Maffioli Center for Prevention, Surveillance, Diagnosis and Treatment of Rare Diseases, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy G. Derosa Center for the Study of Endocrine-Metabolic Pathophysiology and Clinical Research, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy G. Derosa Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy P. Maffioli PhD School in Experimental Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy A. Sahebkar Biotechnology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran A. Sahebkar School of Medicine and Pharmacology, Metabolic Research Centre, Royal Perth Hospital, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia A. Sahebkar (&) Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box: 91779-48564, Mashhad, Iran e-mail: [email protected]; [email protected] © Springer International Publishing Switzerland 2016 S.C. Gupta et al. (eds.), Drug Discovery from Mother Nature, Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology 929, DOI 10.1007/978-3-319-41342-6_19
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agents against several types of cancer. The aim of this chapter is to review the effects of auraptene in the prevention and treatment of different chronic diseases.
Keywords Auraptene Chemoprevention Hypertension Lipid profile
Degenerative
diseases
1 Introduction Several lines of evidence suggest that increasing the consumption of fruits and vegetables in diet reduces the risk of cancer [1]. It has been suggested that certain phytochemicals present in fruits and vegetables inhibit or reverse the process of cancer development. In this regard, citrus peels contain a number of coumarins that possess mevalonate-derived side chains with various oxidation levels. Auraptene (7-geranyloxycoumarin (Fig. 1)) is the best known and most abundant prenyloxycoumarin identified. Auraptene is synthesized by various plant species, mainly those of the Rutaceae and Umbeliferae (Apiaceae) families, comprising many edible fruits and vegetables such as lemons, grapefruit and orange. It was first isolated from members of the genus Citrus, including the peels of Citrus kawachiensis (Kawachi Bankan), which is one of the citrus products of Ehime, Japan [2]. Auraptene is well known for its antioxidant proper
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