The Sticky Synapse Cell Adhesion Molecules and Their Role in Synapse
Over the last few years, a considerable number of different cell adhesion molecules (CAMs) have been identified that are imperative for synapse formation and maintenance. Recent research, however, has also revealed that many synaptic connections are highl
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The Sticky Synapse Cell Adhesion Molecules and Their Role in Synapse Formation and Maintenance
The Sticky Synapse
Michael Hortsch
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Hisashi Umemori
Editors
The Sticky Synapse Cell Adhesion Molecules and Their Role in Synapse Formation and Maintenance
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Editors Michael Hortsch Department of Cell & Developmental Biology University of Michigan Medical School 109 Zina Pitcher Place Ann Arbor MI 48109 Biomedical Sciences Research Bldg. USA [email protected]
Hisashi Umemori Molecular and Behavioral Neuroscience Institute and Department of Biological Chemistry 109 Zina Pitcher Place Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA [email protected]
Cover illustrations: Developing Synapses - Synapses are formed at points of contact between axons and their targets. From left, Drosophila neuromuscular junctions (motor axons, red; muscles, green), mouse neuromuscular junctions (motor axons, green; neuromuscular junctions, pink), and mouse cerebellar synapses in culture (pontine axons, blue; cerebellar granule cell dendrites, pink; synapses, green). Courtesy of Carrero-Martinez and Chiba (Drosophila) and Harris and Umemori (mouse).
ISBN 978-0-387-92707-7 e-ISBN 978-0-387-92708-4 DOI 10.1007/978-0-387-92708-4 Springer Dordrecht Heidelberg London New York Library of Congress Control Number: 2009929373 # Springer ScienceþBusiness Media, LLC 2009 All rights reserved. This work may not be translated or copied in whole or in part without the written permission of the publisher (Springer ScienceþBusiness Media, LLC, 233 Spring Street, New York, NY 10013, USA), except for brief excerpts in connection with reviews or scholarly analysis. Use in connection with any form of information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed is forbidden. The use in this publication of trade names, trademarks, service marks, and similar terms, even if they are not identified as such, is not to be taken as an expression of opinion as to whether or not they are subject to proprietary rights. While the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of going to press, neither the authors nor the editors nor the publisher can accept any legal responsibility for any errors or omissions that may be made. The publisher makes no warranty, express or implied, with respect to the material contained herein. Printed on acid-free paper Springer is part of Springer Science+Business Media (www.springer.com)
Preface
The molecular mechanisms, which are responsible for the functional differences between the various types of neuronal synapses, have become one of the central themes of modern neurobiology. It is becoming increasingly clear that a misregulation of synaptogenesis and synaptic remodeling and dysfunctional neuronal synapses are at the heart of several human diseases, both neurological disorders and psychiatric conditions. As synapses present specialized cellular junctions between neurons and their target cells, it may not come as a surprise
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