The Vent and Seep Biota Aspects from Microbes to Ecosystems
Oases of life around black smokers and hydrocarbon seeps in the deep-sea were among the most surprising scientific discoveries of the past three decades. These ecosystems are dominated by animals having symbiotic relationships with chemoautotrophic bacter
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Aims and Scope Topics in Geobiology Book Series
Topics in Geobiology series treats geobiology – the broad discipline that covers the history of life on Earth. The series aims for high quality, scholarly volumes of original research as well as broad reviews. Recent volumes have showcased a variety of organisms including cephalopods, corals, and rodents. They discuss the biology of these organisms-their ecology, phylogeny, and mode of life – and in addition, their fossil record – their distribution in time and space. Other volumes are more theme based such as predator-prey relationships, skeletal mineralization, paleobiogeography, and approaches to high resolution stratigraphy, that cover a broad range of organisms. One theme that is at the heart of the series is the interplay between the history of life and the changing environment. This is treated in skeletal mineralization and how such skeletons record environmental signals and animal-sediment relationships in the marine environment. The series editors also welcome any comments or suggestions for future volumes. Series Editors Neil H. Landman, [email protected] Peter Harries, [email protected]
For other titles published in this series, go to http://www.springer.com/series/6623
The Vent and Seep Biota Aspects from Microbes to Ecosystems
Steffen Kiel Editor
Editor Steffen Kiel Institut für Geowissenschaften Christian-Albrechts-Universität Ludewig-Meyn-Str. 10 24118 Kiel Germany Geowissenschaftliches Zentrum Georg-August-Universitat Göttingen Abteilung Geobiologie Goldschmidtstr. 3 37077 Göttingen [email protected]
ISBN 978-90-481-9571-8 e-ISBN 978-90-481-9572-5 DOI 10.1007/978-90-481-9572-5 Springer Dordrecht Heidelberg London New York Library of Congress Control Number: 2010935168 © Springer Science+Business Media B.V. 2010 No part of this work may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, microfilming, recording or otherwise, without written permission from the Publisher, with the exception of any material supplied specifically for the purpose of being entered and executed on a computer system, for exclusive use by the purchaser of the work. Cover illustrations: Main image: An association of the mussel Bathymodiolus platifrons, the galatheid crab Shinkaia crosnieri, as well as shrimps and gastropod limpets at a vent site in the Okinawa Trough. Photo taken by Mutsunori Tokeshi (Kyushu University), © by JAMSTEC. Small images: False color SEM images of symbiotic bacteria in the gills of a solemyid (fig. 1), a thyasirid (fig. 2), and a lucinid (fig. 3). Images courtesy of JD Taylor and EA Glover (London). Printed on acid-free paper Springer is part of Springer Science+Business Media (www.springer.com)
Foreword
The discovery of hydrothermal vent communities at the Galapagos Rift in 1977 turned several paradigms on deep-sea biology upside down. Deep-sea animals were considered as small and slow growing, but the tube worm Riftia pachyptila reaches nearly 2 m in leng
