Theory of Semiconductor Quantum Devices Microscopic Modeling and Sim

Primary goal of this book is to provide a cohesive description of the vast field of semiconductor quantum devices, with special emphasis on basic quantum-mechanical phenomena governing the electro-optical response of new-generation nanomaterials. The

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NANOSCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Series Editors: P. Avouris B. Bhushan D. Bimberg K. von Klitzing H. Sakaki R.Wiesendanger The series NanoScience and Technology is focused on the fascinating nano-world, mesoscopic physics, analysis with atomic resolution, nano and quantum-effect devices, nanomechanics and atomic-scale processes. All the basic aspects and technology-oriented developments in this emerging discipline are covered by comprehensive and timely books. The series constitutes a survey of the relevant special topics, which are presented by leading experts in the f ield. These books will appeal to researchers, engineers, and advanced students.

Please view available titles in NanoScience and Technology on series homepage http://www.springer.com/series/3705/

Fausto Rossi

Theory of Semiconductor Quantum Devices Microscopic Modeling and Simulation Strategies

With 125 Figures

123

Prof. Dr. Fausto Rossi Politecnico di Torino Dipartimento di Fisica Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24 10129 Torino, Italy E-mail: [email protected]

Series Editors: Professor Dr. Phaedon Avouris IBM Research Division Nanometer Scale Science & Technology Thomas J.Watson Research Center P.O. Box 218 Yorktown Heights, NY 10598, USA

Professor Dr. Bharat Bhushan Ohio State University Nanotribology Laboratory for Information Storage and MEMS/NEMS (NLIM) Suite 255, Ackerman Road 650 Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA

Professor Dr. Dieter Bimberg TU Berlin, Fakut¨at Mathematik/ Naturwissenschaften Institut f¨ur Festk¨orperphyisk Hardenbergstr. 36 10623 Berlin, Germany

Professor Dr., Dres. h.c. Klaus von Klitzing Max-Planck-Institut f¨ur Festk¨orperforschung Heisenbergstr. 1 70569 Stuttgart, Germany

Professor Hiroyuki Sakaki University of Tokyo Institute of Industrial Science 4-6-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku Tokyo 153-8505, Japan

Professor Dr. Roland Wiesendanger Institut f¨ur Angewandte Physik Universit¨at Hamburg Jungiusstr. 11 20355 Hamburg, Germany

NanoScience and Technology ISSN 1434-4904 ISBN 978-3-642-10555-5 e-ISBN 978-3-642-10556-2 DOI 10.1007/978-3-642-10556-2 Springer Heidelberg Dordrecht London New York c Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2011 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilm or in any other way, and storage in data banks. Duplication of this publication or parts thereof is permitted only under the provisions of the German Copyright Law of September 9, 1965, in its current version, and permission for use must always be obtained from Springer. Violations are liable to prosecution under the German Copyright Law. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. Cover design: Integra Software Services Pvt. Ltd., Pondicherry Prin