Technology of Quantum Devices
Technology of Quantum Devices covers a wide range of topics in solid state physics, presenting an overview of areas like photonics, semiconductors and crystals. The book presents the most up-to-date developments in semiconductor physics and nano-engineeri
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Technology of Quantum Devices
Manijeh Razeghi
Technology of Quantum Devices
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Manijeh Razeghi Walter P. Murphy Professor of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Northwestern University 2220 Campus Dr. RM 4051 Evanston, IL 60208–3129 USA
ISBN 978-1-4419-1055-4 e-ISBN 978-1-4419-1056-1 DOI 10.1007/978-1-4419-1056-1 Springer New York Dordrecht Heidelberg London Library of Congress Control Number: 2009935032 c Springer Science+Business Media, LLC 2010 All rights reserved. This work may not be translated or copied in whole or in part without the written permission of the publisher (Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, 233 Spring Street, New York, NY 10013, USA), except for brief excerpts in connection with reviews or scholarly analysis. Use in connection with any form of information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed is forbidden. The use in this publication of trade names, trademarks, service marks, and similar terms, even if they are not identified as such, is not to be taken as an expression of opinion as to whether or not they are subject to proprietary rights. Printed on acid-free paper Springer is part of Springer Science+Business Media (www.springer.com)
Foreword Students commonly think of a textbook as merely a tool to get prepared for exams. This is not the right way of looking at it! A textbook is the fruit of long-term studies and experience acquired by the author and reflects her or his personality. It embodies priorities; knowledge and I dare say even dreams and life attitudes. Compare the difference in style and content in the now classic physics textbooks by Landau and Feynman. Both Landau and Feynman were scientists whose minds were ready to listen to the music of the heavens. But how very differently! Landau wrote with the authority of a Zeus and his book sounds like the ultimate message from Heaven, while Feynman’s style is more modest, and his curiosity and quest for truth could hardly be matched by anyone. His famous textbook is like an invitation to travel through the Disneyland of Nature, where he acts as a guide, but a guide who is also learning during this journey. And there is a third example: the Chicago lecture notes on quantum mechanics by another Nobel laureate – Enrico Fermi. At first sight – it appears to be more student friendly, simple, very much to the point, but what a simplistic, and, indeed, incorrect interpretation that would be! Fermi made a selection of topics and then reduced the content to the absolute essence of what has to be understood to get prepared for a journey into the quantum wonderland. He did it in such a way that an average student had the impression he or she understood everything, while a more demanding student would get a sense of much more: a feeling that a miraculous quantum world was waiting for him behind invisible doors, full of questions and surprises. Fermi did what Albert Einstein once said about science in his peculiar English –
