Thermal oxidation behavior of glass-forming Ti-Zr-(Nb)-Si alloys
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hias Bönischa) Leibniz-Institute for Solid State and Materials Research IFW Dresden, D-01171 Dresden, Germany; and TU Dresden, Institute of Structural Physics, D-01069 Dresden, Germany
Steffen Oswald, Mohsen Samadi Khoshkhoo,b) and Wolfgang Gruner Leibniz-Institute for Solid State and Materials Research IFW Dresden, D-01171 Dresden, Germany
Martina Lorenzetti Department for Nanostructured Materials, Jozef Stefan Institute, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
Ulrike Wolff, Mariana Calin, Jürgen Eckert,c),d) and Annett Gebert Leibniz-Institute for Solid State and Materials Research IFW Dresden, D-01171 Dresden, Germany (Received 16 December 2015; accepted 7 March 2016)
The glass-forming Ti75Zr10Si15 and Ti60Zr10Nb15Si15 alloys composed of nontoxic elements may represent new materials for biomedical applications. For this study, melt-spun alloy samples exhibiting glass–matrix nanocomposite structures were subjected to thermal oxidation treatments in synthetic air to improve their surface characteristics. 550 °C was identified as the most appropriate temperature to carry out oxidative surface modifications while preserving the initial metastable microstructure. The modified surfaces were evaluated considering morphological and structural aspects, and it was found that the oxide films formed at 550 °C are amorphous and consist mainly of TiO2; their thicknesses were estimated to be ;560 nm for Ti75Zr10Si15 and ;460 nm for Ti60Zr10Nb15Si15. The thermally treated sample surfaces exhibit not only higher roughnesses and higher hardnesses but also improved wettability compared to the as-spun materials. By immersion of oxidized samples in simulated body fluid Ca- and P-containing coatings exhibiting typical morphologies of apatite are formed.
I. INTRODUCTION
Contributing Editor: Eric A. Stach a) Address all correspondence to this author. e-mail: [email protected] b) Current address: Carl Zeiss Microscopy GmbH, Carl-Zeiss-Strasse 22, 73,447 Oberkochen, Germany. c) Current address: Erich Schmid Institute of Materials Science, Austrian Academy of Sciences (ÖAW) and Department Materials Physics, Montanuniversität Leoben, Jahnstrabe 12, A-8700 Leoben, Austria. d) This author was an editor of this journal during the review and decision stage. For the JMR policy on review and publication of manuscripts authored by editors, please refer to http://www.mrs. org/jmr-editor-manuscripts/. A previous error in this article has been corrected, see 10.1557/jmr.2016.192. DOI: 10.1557/jmr.2016.122
Considering these aspects, glass-forming Ti75 xZr10NbxSi15 (x 5 0, 15) alloys appear to be very prospective. They comprise only nontoxic elements, yet as their particular compositions yield only a limited glass forming ability their potential application is restricted to coatings for orthopedic implants that require very high wear and corrosion resistance. Rapidly quenched ribbons of these alloys exhibit a nanocomposite structure comprising a glass-matrix and embedded single b-Ti nanocrystals.7 Analysis of the mechanical properties revealed a combination
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