Thermochemical Co-conversion of Sugarcane Bagasse-LDPE Hybrid Waste into Biochar
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RESEARCH ARTICLE-CHEMICAL ENGINEERING
Thermochemical Co-conversion of Sugarcane Bagasse-LDPE Hybrid Waste into Biochar Adewale George Adeniyi1 Saheed Kayode Sanusi1
· Sulyman A. Abdulkareem1 · Joshua O. Ighalo1,2
· Damilola Victoria Onifade1
·
Received: 7 April 2020 / Accepted: 5 November 2020 © King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals 2020
Abstract Bagasse is a residue obtained from the processing of sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum). The aim of this study was to investigate the temperature profile, biochar yield and product quality of a locally designed thermochemical process for the conversion of sugarcane bagasse (SCB) and low-density polyethylene waste into biochar. Product quality was evaluated using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy and Branueur–Emmett–Teller analyses. Product yield was 16.67 wt% and 45.46 wt% at 349°C and 250°C peak temperatures for SCB and hybrid biochar, respectively. Both SCB biochar and hybrid had a heterogeneous surface morphology and was mesoporous. The specific surface area of the SCB and hybrid biochar was 533.6 m2 /g and 510.5 m2 /g, respectively. The process has a three-pronged advantage of product development, waste management and resource conservation. Keywords Biochar · Biomass · Sugarcane bagasse · LDPE
1 Introduction Energy and environmental sustainability are some of the major challenges of humans for the long-term future [1]. Biomass is a material with a high energy content [2, 3], and its utilisation could assuage the impending energy crisis [4]. One of the most produced biomass globally is sugarcane, and it is a potential solution to these energy issues [5]. Sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum) was first cultivated in Southeast Asia and Western India [6]. Globally, the annual production of sugarcane is 1.6 billion tons, generating about 279 million metric tons of biomass residues [7]. Brazil is currently the largest producer of sugarcane in the world. Bagasse is a residue obtained from the processing of sugarcane via the crushing and extraction of the juice [7]. The bagasse constitutes about 35% of the total cane weight [8]. A minimum of 50% of the generated bagasse can be utilised to generate
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Adewale George Adeniyi [email protected]
1
Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, University of Ilorin, P. M. B. 1515 Ilorin, Nigeria
2
Department of Chemical Engineering, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, P. M. B. 5025, Awka, Nigeria
heat and power for the sugar processing [9], and the rest is stacked for further processing into the value-added process (though this is not always the case) [10]. Moreover, low-density polyethylene (LDPE) is the main component of urban solid waste in our major urban centres; it is non-biodegradable and its volume generated is directly proportioned to the intensity of civic and social activities. Current information shows the startling rate at which plastic pollution from quantities of municipal solid waste (MSW) is ravaging the world [11]. For instance, in the U
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