Timing and order of different insecticide classes drive control of Drosophila suzukii; a modeling approach
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ORIGINAL PAPER
Timing and order of different insecticide classes drive control of Drosophila suzukii; a modeling approach Serhan Mermer1,9 · Ferdinand Pfab2 · Gabriella Tait1 · Rufus Isaacs3 · Philip D. Fanning3 · Steven Van Timmeren3 · Gregory M. Loeb4 · Stephen P. Hesler4 · Ashfaq A. Sial5 · Jamal H. Hunter5 · Harit Kaur Bal3 · Francis Drummond6,7 · Elissa Ballman6 · Judith Collins6 · Lan Xue8 · Duo Jiang8 · Vaughn M. Walton1 Received: 5 November 2019 / Revised: 2 October 2020 / Accepted: 9 October 2020 © Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract The spotted-wing drosophila, Drosophila suzukii Matsumura, is an invasive pest causing significant damage to soft skinned fruits. Control of D. suzukii is critical since there is no tolerance for infested fruit in the market. While most insecticides control one or more D. suzukii life-stages (e.g., egg, larvae, and adult), the impact of insecticides that are toxic to immature stages is unclear on the subsequent generation of a field population. Insecticides were applied at field recommended rates on cherries and blueberries in the laboratory to determine immature D. suzukii mortality. Spinetoram, cyantraniliprole, malathion, methomyl, spinosad, and phosmet resulted in relatively high mortality of all immature life stages. Zeta-cypermethrin, cyclaniliprole, and fenpropathrin resulted in lower mortality of egg and all larval instars. Malathion was also applied to lowbush blueberries with different fruit sizes (small, medium, and large) in the laboratory and there was no statistical difference in mortality rates depending on fruit sizes. Mortality data from the laboratory experiments were used to parameterize a refined D. suzukii population model. The model revealed that the timing and order of different insecticide classes are important to control D. suzukii population. Model runs that included early applications of more effective insecticides resulted in high immature mortality and greater reduction of D. suzukii populations compared to treatments applied later. Keywords Spotted-wing drosophila · Blueberry · Cherry · Insecticide application timing · Population modeling · Insecticide
Communicated by Antonio Biondi. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s10340-020-01292-w) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * Serhan Mermer [email protected] 1
2
Department of Horticulture, Oregon State University, 4017 Agriculture and Life Sciences Building, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA Department of Ecology, Evolution and Marine Biology, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA
3
Department of Entomology, Michigan State University, 578 Wilson Road, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
4
Department of Entomology, Cornell University, Cornell AgriTech, New York Agricultural Experiment Station, 15 Castle Creek Road, Geneva, NY 14456, USA
5
Department of Entomology, University of Georgia, 413 Biological Sciences Building, Ath
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