An Analysis of Female Postcopulatory Behavior in Drosophila suzukii and Drosophila biarmipes
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An Analysis of Female Postcopulatory Behavior in Drosophila suzukii and Drosophila biarmipes René D. Clark & Marissa DiPiero & Jonathan T. Fingerut & Scott P. McRobert
Received: 22 June 2020 / Revised: 21 October 2020 / Accepted: 28 October 2020 # Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract The fruit fly, Drosophila suzukii, is an invasive species that causes widespread crop damage in the United States. We examined a series of basic reproductive behaviors in this species in order to expand our knowledge of the life history of D. suzukii. We also conducted a comparison study using its sister species, D. biarmipes, to determine if the two species shared any similarities in sexual behavior. The behaviors investigated were sexual attractiveness, sexual receptivity, and offspring production. The sexual attractiveness and remating frequency (possibly reflecting sexual receptivity) of both D. suzukii and D. biarmipes females decreased significantly after an initial copulation and did not recover within 14 days. D. suzukii and D. biarmipes females also produced an average of 85.19 ± 6.27 and 104.45 ± 6.90 viable offspring, respectively, over the two weeks following the initial copulation, suggesting that they were able to store sperm over an extended period of time. We also found that the sexual attractiveness of virgin D. suzukii decreased as they aged. This decline may be related to nutrition, as their R. D. Clark (*) Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Natural Resources, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA e-mail: [email protected] M. DiPiero Neuroscience Training Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA J. T. Fingerut : S. P. McRobert Department of Biology, Saint Joseph’s University, Philadelphia, PA 19131, USA
attractiveness did not diminish when the females were raised on a blueberry as well as standard media and yeast. Our results, coupled with the findings of other studies investigating basic life history and reproductive biology parameters, can aid in the effort to halt the spread of D. suzukii by informing and refining future and current pest management strategies. Keywords Drosophila suzukii . Drosophila biarmipes . postcopulatory behavior . pest
Introduction The spotted wing fruit fly, Drosophila suzukii, is a wellknown invasive fruit pest in Europe and the United States, targeting thin-skinned fruits such as blueberries, raspberries, cherries, and grapes (Lee et al. 2011; Walsh et al. 2011; Asplen et al. 2015). The species originated in Southeast Asia, and has since spread across the globe, reaching the American mainland in the late 2000s (Goodhue et al. 2011). Females lay their eggs in ripe, live fruit using a serrated ovipositor, making them a particular nuisance for agriculture. This is in stark contrast to most Drosophila, which lay their eggs in fallen, rotting fruit (Bellamy et al. 2013; Kinjo et al. 2013; Steffan et al. 2013). The commercial impact of D. suzukii has been extensive, with estimated crop losses of 20–50%, and t
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