Topsoil Carbon Stock and Soil Physicochemical Properties in Riparian Forests and Agricultural Lands of Southwestern Iran
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OIL CHEMISTRY
Topsoil Carbon Stock and Soil Physicochemical Properties in Riparian Forests and Agricultural Lands of Southwestern Iran M. Forogh Nasaba, M. Moradia, *, Gh. Moradib, and R. Taghizade-Mehrjardic, d aDepartment
of Forestry, Faculty of Natural Resources, Behbahan Khatam Alanbia University of Technology, Khuzestan, P.O. Box 6361647189 Iran b School of Natural Resources and Desert Studies, Yazd University, Yazd, P.O. Box 89168-69511 Iran cFaculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Ardakan University, Yazd, P.O. Box 89518-95491 Iran d Department of Geosciences, Soil Science and Geomorphology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany *e-mail: [email protected] Received September 18, 2019; revised April 29, 2020; accepted April 30, 2020
Abstract—This study aimed to evaluate subsoil carbon stock in different stands of riparian forests. Four different sites in the studied riparian forests located in Behbahan in southern Iran, pure Populus euphratica, Tamarix arceuthoides stands, and mixed T. arceuthoides-P. euphratica stands as well as agricultural lands were examined. One hundred and three soil samples were randomly taken at depths of 0–20 cm from all studied sites. Soil carbon content and the physiochemical properties pH, organic carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium carbonate, bulk density, and soil texture were determined in the laboratory. The results indicated that soil carbon stocks reach 52.9, 48.5, 25.9, and 25.8 t ha–1 in P. euphratica stands, agricultural lands, mixed T. arceuthoides-P. euphratica stands, and T. arceuthoides stands, respectively. There was no significant difference in soil carbon content between the P. euphratica stands and agricultural lands, but there was a significant difference between T. arceuthoides stands and mixed T. arceuthoides-P. euphratica stands. The high soil carbon content in agricultural lands was probably because of alfalfa and the use of organic fertilizer, like manure, because alfalfa was planted in most of the agricultural lands, and this plant species can store atmospheric nitrogen and, consequently, increase the carbon content in the soil. Furthermore, greater soil biological activity in the P. euphratica stands compared with the T. arceuthoides stands might be responsible for the higher soil carbon content in the P. euphratica stands. The physiochemical properties of soil also play important roles in soil carbon content, the most important of which are soil organic carbon, bulk density, and clay, respectively. Keywords: carbon stock, Maroon, Populus euphratica, Tamarix arceuthoides, land use DOI: 10.1134/S1064229320100075
INTRODUCTION Almost 33% of the world’s lands are dry or semiarid ecosystems and, thus, vulnerable [17]. Therefore, research on dry and semi-arid ecosystems can be very effective in increasing vegetation cover [12]. Consequently, increasing plant coverage by afforestation and reforestation causes higher carbon sink [45]. Riparian forests in arid and semi-arid lands are affected by agricultural activities [27] and water tables
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