Treatment of real artificial leather manufacturing wastewater containing Dimethylamine (DMA) by photocatalytic method
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ORIGINAL PAPER
Treatment of real artificial leather manufacturing wastewater containing Dimethylamine (DMA) by photocatalytic method Sughra Abdollahi1 · Narges Fallah1 · Leila Davarpanah2 Received: 14 February 2020 / Accepted: 29 May 2020 © Institute of Chemistry, Slovak Academy of Sciences 2020
Abstract In this research, the treatment of real artificial leather manufacturing wastewater by two commercial photocatalysts as a branch of advanced oxidation processes has been investigated. A batch slurry reactor was employed in the presence of two types of catalysts, namely TiO2 and ZnO, along with UV irradiation. The experiments were performed on Box–Behnken design method considering the three effective parameters such as pH, the concentration of catalyst, and hydrogen peroxide as a co-oxidant. Results showed that the most important parameter in chemical oxygen demand (COD) reduction was pH. Additionally, some other parameters, such as the interaction between pH and co-oxidant as well as catalyst and co-oxidant concentration, are effective. At optimum condition [ pHint = 3, catalyst concentration = 0.7 g/l and H2O2/COD = 4.00 (H2O2 concentration = 10 g/l)], the predicted and actual COD reduction was 52.54 and 56.87%, respectively, representing a good agreement between posed model and performed experiments. According to pH changes during the process and its influence on the removal of COD, more experiments were done by fixing pH at constant level, and the COD reduction reached 92.66% at 9 h. The kinetic studies in terms of COD removal showed that the reaction followed the first-order model. Keywords Artificial leather wastewater · Photocatalytic process · Titanium oxide · Zinc oxide · UV irradiation · Box– Behnken design
Introduction Today, due to the severe emergency of water shortage and the increasing demand, many researchers have focused their attention on exploring this issue (Mohadesi and Shokri 2017). In this regard, many studies have been conducted on the preservation of water resources as well as the treatment of polluted effluents produced by numerous large-scale and small-scale industries. Artificial leather industries can be taken as an example, since their manufacturing units use dimethylformamide (DMF) to dissolve polyurethane, which is one of the key materials being used in artificial leather production (Vilardi et al. 2018). Following the coating process of polyurethane on a base fabric, the product is subjected to * Narges Fallah [email protected] 1
Biotechnology and Environmental Group, Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
Environmental Group, Energy Department, Materials and Energy Research Center, Tehran, Iran
2
heating so that dimethylformamide is evaporated and water is condensed and removed from the system as wastewater. To recover DMF and return it to the production cycle, the effluent enters the distillation tower. A large proportion of DMF is collected from the bottom of the distillation column, and at the same time due to the
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