Photocatalytic study of nanocomposite membrane modified by CeF3 catalyst for pharmaceutical wastewater treatment
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RESEARCH ARTICLE
Photocatalytic study of nanocomposite membrane modified by CeF3 catalyst for pharmaceutical wastewater treatment Seyedeh Fatemeh Zakeritabar 1 & Mohsen Jahanshahi 1 & Majid Peyravi 1
&
Javad Akhtari 2
Received: 23 December 2019 / Revised: 5 June 2020 / Accepted: 7 September 2020 # Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2020
Abstract Cerium fluoride (CeF3) nanoparticles (NPs) were synthesized and applied in polysulfone (PS) membrane fabricated by phase inversion method. The produced nanocomposite membranes (PS/CeF3) with different contents of CeF3 NPS (0.25%, 0.5%, 0.75% and 1% w/w) were used to treat pharmaceutical wastewaters. The membranes were characterized by FESEM, EDX, XRD, FTIR, porosity, and water contact angle analyses. Evaluation of the characteristics and performance of the nanocomposite membranes confirmed that utilizing photocatalytic CeF3 NPs in membrane structure could effectively decompose organic contaminants in pharmaceutical wastewaters. It also improves the hydrophilicity and antifouling ability of membrane during filtration especially, in the presence of UV irradiation. The permeate flux of the PS membrane increased from 35.1 to 63.77 l/m2h by embedding 0.75% of CeF3 NPs in membrane structure due to the porosity enhancement from 71.36–78.42% and the decrease in contact angle from 62.9º to 53.73º. Moreover, the flux decline of PS/CeF3-0.75% membrane under UV irradiation was from 63.6 to 46.1 l/m2h that considerably lower than that of the neat PS membrane (from 34.7 to 4.9). On the other hand, the degradation efficiency of PS/CeF3-0.75% membrane was more than 97%, and COD removed was more than 65% while they were 75% and 31%, respectively for the nascent PS membrane. Therefore, applying the appropriate amount of CeF3 NPs in PS membranes not only greatly increased the permeate flux but also significantly enhanced the degradation efficiency and COD removal. This indicates that nanocomposite membranes can be confidently applied for pharmaceutical wastewater treatment UV irradiation. Keywords Photocatalytic membrane . CeF3 catalyst nanoparticles . Antifouling properties . Pharmaceutical wastewater
Introduction In the last decades, the pollutant wastewaters produced in the pharmaceutical industry, have been converted to one of the significant emerging environmental problems [1]. Generally, pharmaceutics is manufactured with high stability to be Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s40201-020-00534-4) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * Majid Peyravi [email protected] 1
Department of Chemical Engineering, Babol Noshirvani University of Technology, P.O. Box: 484, Shariati Ave, Babol 47148-71167, Iran
2
Immunogenetics Research Center, Department of Medical Nanotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
effective in humans and animals [2]. They are classified into eight groups of anti-inflammatory drugs, beta-blockers, a
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