Trophic Ecology and Ecological Function for Oriental River Prawn ( Macrobrachium nipponense ) in the South-to-North Cana
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GENERAL WETLAND SCIENCE
Trophic Ecology and Ecological Function for Oriental River Prawn (Macrobrachium nipponense) in the South-to-North Canal System Man Zhang 1,2 & Nan Li 3 & Binhe Gu 2,4 & Yuncong Li 2 & Yifan Wang 1 & Wenguang Dong 1 & Yunni Gao 1 & Chuanjiang Zhou 1 & Guoxing Nie 1 Received: 26 July 2019 / Accepted: 30 January 2020 # Society of Wetland Scientists 2020
Abstract The South-to-North Canal System (SNCS) is the largest water diversion project in the world, and it transports water from watersufficient southern and central to water-deficient northeastern China. The oriental river prawn is the most adaptable prawn species in this ecosystem and a dominant member of the benthic community. In this study, in order to obtain more information regarding the ecological functions of the prawn in the benthic food webs of the SNCS ecosystem, the trophic ecology of the prawn from the canal and the upstream reservoir was compared in the two ecosymtems. The prawn stable isotopic compositions of different prawn sizes (large, medium and small), niche spaces and the trophic positions were compared between the two ecosymtems. Results showed that in the main canal, particulate organic matter (POM) composed more than 40% of the food consumed by all three size prawns. Compared to small prawn, the diet of medium and large prawns were proportionally higher in POM and zooplankton. In the upstream reservoir, large prawn fed primarily on benthic microalgae, which composed 72.8% of the prawn diet. The pelagic food webs provided 93.5% food source for the canal prawn, while the benthic food webs afforded 72.4% food source for the reservoir prawn. Thereafter, the ecological functions of the prawn in the two ecosystems were also different due to their varied food diet. Careful considerations were suggested when using biomanipulation in the SNCS ecosystem. Keywords Niche space . Trophic position . Diet . Oriental river prawn . Growth stage
Introduction To relieve water shortages in densely populated northeastern China, the South-to-North Canal System (SNCS) is a 500 billion RMB (U.S. $80.5 billion) infrastructural investment to divert water from the water-sufficient southern and central Man Zhang and Nan Li are Co-first authors of the article. * Guoxing Nie [email protected] 1
College of Fisheries, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
2
Tropical Research and Education Centre, University of Florida, Homestead, FL 33031, USA
3
Central Route Construction Management Bureau of the South-to-North Water Transfer Project, Nanyang 473000, China
4
Soil and Water Sciences Department, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
regions to the water-deficient northeast. The idea of SNCS was studied for over half a century, starting in the 1950s, and the project officially commenced on December 27, 2002. This canal system includes three routes, which transport water from the upstream (east route), mid-stream (middle route), and downstream (west route) of the Yantze River (Li et al. 2016, Fig. 1). Once completed (by about 20
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