Tryptophan Metabolism: Implications for Biological Processes, Health and Disease

This book discusses the relationship between cellular immunity and tryptophan metabolism, as well as its products, serotonin and melatonin, in the development of several diseases and reappraises the common signal transduction pathways of the neurodegenera

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Atilla Engin Ayse Basak Engin Editors

Tryptophan Metabolism: Implications for Biological Processes, Health and Disease

Molecular and Integrative Toxicology Series editor Rodney R. Dietert, Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Cornell University College of Veterinary Medicine, Ithaca, New York, USA

Molecular and Integrative Toxicology presents state-of-the-art toxicology in a useful context. Volumes emphasize the presentation of cellular and molecular information aimed toward the protection of human or animal health or the sustainability of environmental systems.

More information about this series at http://www.springer.com/series/8792

Atilla Engin • Ayse Basak Engin Editors

Tryptophan Metabolism: Implications for Biological Processes, Health and Disease

Editors Atilla Engin Faculty of Medicine, Department of General Surgery Gazi University Besevler, Ankara, Turkey

Ayse Basak Engin Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Toxicology Gazi University Hipodrom, Ankara, Turkey

ISSN 2168-4219 ISSN 2168-4235 (electronic) Molecular and Integrative Toxicology ISBN 978-3-319-15629-3 ISBN 978-3-319-15630-9 (eBook) DOI 10.1007/978-3-319-15630-9 Library of Congress Control Number: 2015937768 Springer Cham Heidelberg New York Dordrecht London © Springer International Publishing Switzerland 2015 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. The publisher, the authors and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the publisher nor the authors or the editors give a warranty, express or implied, with respect to the material contained herein or for any errors or omissions that may have been made. Printed on acid-free paper Humana Press is a brand of Springer Springer International Publishing AG Switzerland is part of Springer Science+Business Media (www.springer.com)

Preface

Tryptophan Metabolism: Implications for Biological Processes, Health and Disease In many organs and tissues, the major route for the metabolism of tryptophan is the kynurenine pathway. One of the initial enzymes for this pathway is indoleamine2,3-dioxygenase, present in most organs and tissues except the liver. The second enzyme, tryptophan-2,3-dioxygenase, is almost exclusively found in the mammalian liver and is responsible for tryptophan catabolism. A smal