Tunnel Fire Dynamics
This book covers a wide range of issues in fire safety engineering in tunnels, describes the phenomena related to tunnel fire dynamics, presents state-of-the-art research, and gives detailed solutions to these major issues. Examples for calculations are p
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Haukur Ingason • Ying Zhen Li Anders Lönnermark
Tunnel Fire Dynamics
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Haukur Ingason Fire Research SP Technical Research Institute of Sweden Borås Sweden
Anders Lönnermark Fire Research SP Technical Research Institute of Sweden Borås Sweden
Ying Zhen Li Fire Research SP Technical Research Institute of Sweden Borås Sweden
ISBN 978-1-4939-2198-0 ISBN 978-1-4939-2199-7 (eBook) DOI 10.1007/978-1-4939-2199-7 Springer New York Heidelberg Dordrecht London Library of Congress Control Number: 2014954828 © Springer Science+Business Media New York 2015 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. Exempted from this legal reservation are brief excerpts in connection with reviews or scholarly analysis or material supplied specifically for the purpose of being entered and executed on a computer system, for exclusive use by the purchaser of the work. Duplication of this publication or parts thereof is permitted only under the provisions of the Copyright Law of the Publisher’s location, in its current version, and permission for use must always be obtained from Springer. Permissions for use may be obtained through RightsLink at the Copyright Clearance Center. Violations are liable to prosecution under the respective Copyright Law. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. While the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication, neither the authors nor the editors nor the publisher can accept any legal responsibility for any errors or omissions that may be made. The publisher makes no warranty, express or implied, with respect to the material contained herein. Printed on acid-free paper Springer New York is a brand of Springer Springer is part of Springer Science+Business Media (www.springer.com)
Preface
Fire safety engineering in tunnels is essential in order to obtain good safety for tunnel users. The knowledge about fire safety in tunnels has increased over the past few decades due to both new research and analysis of real accidents. The aim of this book is to give researchers, engineers, and authorities worldwide a good insight into the fire phenomena in tunnels and the physics behind it. Guidance in calculation of important parameters such as heat release rates, critical velocity, spread of smoke gases and heat, temperatures, heat fluxes, fire spread, and flame lengths is given as well as the theories behind th
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