Twenty Essential Oils as Ovicidal Agent Against Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae)
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Twenty Essential Oils as Ovicidal Agent Against Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae) Riju Sarma1 • Kamal Adhikari1 • Sudarshana Mahanta1 • Bulbuli Khanikor1
Received: 5 December 2018 / Revised: 26 December 2019 / Accepted: 21 January 2020 Ó The National Academy of Sciences, India 2020
Abstract In the present investigation, twenty plant essential oils (EOs) are tested against Aedes aegypti at their egg stage aiming to control the mosquito population at its breeding site. The results are very much promising for EOs extracted from Allium sativum, Mentha piperita and Ocimum sanctum with sublethal concentration (LC50) of 1.00 ppm, 4.01 ppm and 8.40 ppm, respectively, which seems to be at par with WHO-recommended dose for synthetic larvicide temephos. Three plant oils responded with LC50 below 50 ppm. However, few plant oils did not show lethal effects at all. The effective EOs can in future be used in breeding sites including the potable and household water tank as these plants are edible and hence safe for consumption. These might be a potent candidate for decreasing Aedes population and for replacing synthetic insecticides against Aedes. Moreover, these three highly effective EOs would be accessible and cost-effective for common people to use. Keywords Ovicidal Essential oil Aedes aegypti Plant
Ever-increasing distribution and abundance of Aedes aegypti over 130 countries put one-third to one-half human population at risk of dengue, chikungunya and Zika. Changing life style with time, human beings are offering different breeding sites for this mosquito species. Due to the scarcity of natural water resources, rainwater has been started to harvest throughout the world as a source of & Bulbuli Khanikor [email protected] 1
Department of Zoology, Gauhati University, Guwahati, India
potable water. Usage of rainwater harvesting provides a substantial benefit to water supply in one hand but unknowingly boosts up the spreading of Aedes aegypti population as they prefer clearwater for egg laying. Besides, improper sealing of sanitary tank, cistern, waste disposal, etc., are also offering convenient room for this mosquito species. Control of this mosquito species primarily depends on the usage of chemical insecticides mainly temephos [1]. But the mosquito has developed resistance against temephos in most places and also not safe to use in potable water source even at slightly higher dose. Therefore, EO extracted from edible plants may emerge as potential candidate from the point of efficacy and low side effects. Many EOs have been tested for their insecticidal activities mainly targeting the larval and adult stages [2]. But, control of Aedes population in egg stage is advantageous as the eggs are attached in a single site. In this context, present investigation has been aimed to study the effect of twenty different edible plants EOs on Aedes aegypti eggs. Aedes aegypti was collected from Indian Council of Medical Research, Dibrugarh, and reared in the Department of Zoology, Gauhati Univers
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