Unmanned Combat Air Systems in Future Warfare Gaining Control of the

Control of the air is the foundation for all conventional military operations against an adversary with an air defence capability. In future warfare, will it be possible for Unmanned Combat Air Systems to undertake the tasks and accept most of the risks t

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Unmanned Combat Air Systems in Future Warfare Gaining Control of the Air Colin Wills Director, Combat Air Solutions Ltd

© Colin Wills 2015 Softcover reprint of the hardcover 1st edition 2015 978-1-137-49847-2

All rights reserved. No reproduction, copy or transmission of this publication may be made without written permission. No portion of this publication may be reproduced, copied or transmitted save with written permission or in accordance with the provisions of the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988, or under the terms of any licence permitting limited copying issued by the Copyright Licensing Agency, Saffron House, 6-10 Kirby Street, London EC1N 8TS. Any person who does any unauthorized act in relation to this publication may be liable to criminal prosecution and civil claims for damages. The author has asserted his right to be identified as the author of this work in accordance with the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988. First published 2015 by PALGRAVE MACMILLAN Palgrave Macmillan in the UK is an imprint of Macmillan Publishers Limited, registered in England, company number 785998, of Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hampshire, RG21 6XS. Palgrave Macmillan in the US is a division of St Martin’s Press LLC, 175 Fifth Avenue, New York, NY 10010. Palgrave Macmillan is the global academic imprint of the above companies and has companies and representatives throughout the world. Palgrave® and Macmillan® are registered trademarks in the United States, the United Kingdom, Europe and other countries. ISBN 978-1-349-69822-6 DOI 10.1057/9781137498496

ISBN 978-1-137-49849-6 (eBook)

This book is printed on paper suitable for recycling and made from fully managed and sustained forest sources. Logging, pulping and manufacturing processes are expected to conform to the environmental regulations of the country of origin. A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Wills, Colin, 1959– Unmanned combat air systems in future warfare : gaining control of the air / Colin Wills, Director, Combat Air Solutions Ltd. pages cm Includes bibliographical references and index. 1. Air warfare. 2. Uninhabited combat aerial vehicles. 3. United States. Air Force—Weapons systems. 4. United States. Navy—Weapons systems. I. Title. UG633.W568 2015 358.4’183—dc23 2015012829

Contents List of Acronyms and Abbreviations

viii

1 Introduction

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2 Research Interviews Interviewee background and experience Analysis NEC and requirement to enter the close-combat fight Third-Party Targeting UCAS airframe characteristics and manoeuvrability requirements Ethical and political implications Is the manned fighter necessary and could UCAS gain control of the air in 2040? Summary

5 5 7 8 9 11 13 15 15

3 Overview UCAS background Future threat environment Technologies Aerial warfare US UAS roadmaps Autonomy or automation? The one-seat versus two-seat debate Potential cost benefits Leadership challenges The UCAS debate Concept of operations Summary

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