Uptake of dimethylsulphoniopropionate (DMSP) reduces free reactive oxygen species (ROS) during late exponential growth i
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SHORT NOTE
Uptake of dimethylsulphoniopropionate (DMSP) reduces free reactive oxygen species (ROS) during late exponential growth in the diatom Thalassiosira weissflogii grown under three salinities Alyson M. Theseira1 · Daniel A. Nielsen1 · Katherina Petrou1 Received: 29 March 2020 / Accepted: 22 July 2020 © Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Dimethylsulphoniopropionate (DMSP) is one of the most abundant and widespread organic sulfur molecules in the marine environment and has substantial physiological and ecological importance, from subcellular to global scales. Despite its diverse range of implications in the environment, little understanding of the physiological role of DMSP in the cell exists. Here, we report the physiological response of a non-DMSP-producing diatom Thalassiosira weissflogii grown at different salinities (15, 35 and 55 ppt) in the presence and absence of DMSP. Hypersaline conditions (55 ppt) negatively affected growth rate and hyposaline conditions (15 ppt) caused an increase in cell volume, yet no effect was observed on the photophysiological state of the algae, demonstrating a broad salinity tolerance in T. weissflogii. Addition of DMSP and subsequent uptake by T. weissflogii had no effect on the salinity-induced symptoms. Importantly, using a non-DMSP-producing diatom, we observed some of the first direct evidence of the intracellular role of DMSP as an antioxidant through the quenching of damaging reactive oxygen species (ROS), which based on its pattern, was likely due to the growth phase of the culture. This study confirms the utility of T. weissflogii as a model organism for DMSP-related physiological studies, with results revealing that DMSP accumulation reduces growth-related reactive oxygen in T. weissflogii.
Introduction Dimethylsulphoniopropionate (DMSP) is a tertiary sulfonium compound that is abundant and widespread in marine ecosystems (Keller 1989; Kiene et al. 2000). Many phytoplankton in the marine environment produce DMSP in mass quantities, with global production reaching an estimated one billion tonnes per year (Curson et al. 2011; Johnston et al. 2016). In certain species of phytoplankton, DMSP has been reported to comprise 1–20% of the total cellular carbon (Matrai and Keller 1994; Sheehan and Petrou 2020; Matrai et al. 1995). Despite its ubiquity in nature, the unifying reason for the production and/or use of DMSP has yet to be confirmed. Responsible Editor: S. W. A. Naqvi. Reviewed by undisclosed experts. * Katherina Petrou [email protected] 1
School of Life Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
The production of DMSP by marine phytoplankton has been shown to vary in response to a broad range of environmental factors (Stefels 2000). Among the multitude of physiological roles in marine systems, osmoregulation in response to changes in salinity is a widely attributed functional role of DMSP in microalgae (Stefels 2000; Welsh 2000; McParland et al. 2020). As a zwitterion, DMSP cannot cross c
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