US Department of Energy hydrogen and fuel cell technologies perspectives
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Introduction Hydrogen and fuel cell technologies, as important parts of a comprehensive energy strategy, offer an efficient and versatile means of producing, distributing, and utilizing clean energy across multiple sectors, including power-generation, transportation, chemicals production, and industrial manufacturing. Fostering the R&D necessary to enable widespread adoption of these technologies is a key objective of the US Department of Energy’s (DOE) H2@Scale initiative,1 in support of the DOE’s broader aim to enhance US energy security, resiliency, and economic prosperity. Foundational materials- and systems-level R&D has laid the groundwork for continued advancement of the hydrogen and fuel cell industries integral to H2@Scale. The fuel cell market, for example, has seen consistent growth in the last few years, with nearly 70,000 fuel cell systems and 800 MW in fuel cell power shipped worldwide in 2018, and with approximately USD $2.3 billion in fuel cell revenue.2 Globally, there are more than 300,000 stationary fuel cells in operation, 14,000 hydrogen-powered fuel cell cars on the road, and approximately 300 hydrogen refueling stations. In the United States,
we currently have more than 500 MW of stationary fuel cells, more than 7800 fuel cell cars, and more than 28,000 hydrogen fuel cell forklifts operating at major companies.3 Ongoing hydrogen and fuel cell commercialization efforts in the United States have been supported by government agencies, leveraging research with partners from industry, universities, and the national laboratories. Early pioneers, in addition to the DOE, have included federal agencies such as NASA and the US Department of Defense. Currently, public/ private R&D activities under H2@Scale are being supported by DOE’s Fuel Cell Technologies Office (FCTO) in DOE’s Office of Energy Efficiency & Renewable Energy (EERE). More than 960 US patents have been issued over the years as a result of FCTO funding,4 enabling roughly 30 commercialized technologies and an additional 65 prospective commercial technologies. These can range from specific components such as catalysts or membranes to complete systems such as electrolyzers and storage tanks. Today, the FCTO mission focuses on early-stage materialsand system-level R&D that enables industry to develop and demonstrate hydrogen and fuel cell technologies that are
Eric L. Miller, US Department of Energy, Office of Energy Efficiency & Renewable Energy, Fuel Cell Technologies Office, USA; [email protected] Simon T. Thompson, US Department of Energy, Office of Energy Efficiency & Renewable Energy, Fuel Cell Technologies Office, USA; [email protected] Katie Randolph, US Department of Energy, Office of Energy Efficiency & Renewable Energy, Fuel Cell Technologies Office, USA; [email protected] Zeric Hulvey, US Department of Energy, Office of Energy Efficiency & Renewable Energy, Fuel Cell Technologies Office, USA; [email protected] Neha Rustagi, US Department of Energy, Office of Energy Efficiency & Renewable Energy, Fuel Cel
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