Use of Spent Mushroom Substrate as an Inoculant Carrier and an Organic Fertilizer and Their Impacts on Roselle Growth (
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ORIGINAL PAPER
Use of Spent Mushroom Substrate as an Inoculant Carrier and an Organic Fertilizer and Their Impacts on Roselle Growth (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) and Soil Quality Ngo My Ngan1 · Nuntavun Riddech1,2 Received: 6 March 2020 / Accepted: 12 October 2020 © Springer Nature B.V. 2020
Abstract The potential of using spent mushroom substrate (SMS) as inoculant carrier and organic amendment on the growth of Hibiscus sabdariffa was evaluated. SMS, peat and vermiculite were mixed with plant growth promoting bacteria (PGPB) isolate Bacillus amyloliquefaciens. Different treatments were applied in the cultivation of H. sabdariffa. We found that application of NPK fertilizer, SMS based inoculant, and peat based inoculant significantly promoted plant growth and chlorophyll content compared to other treatments. SMS based inoculant was the best treatment for increasing biomass and chlorophyll content, followed by NPK fertilizer. In addition, application of SMS inoculant or only SMS as soil amendment showed a significant improvement in soil properties including soil NPK, organic matter, soil PGPB and soil enzyme (i.e. soil fluorescein diacetate and dehydrogenase) as well as peat inoculant application. Our results suggested that SMS could be considered as an alternative low-cost, potential carrier in biofertilizer production or soil amendment for providing soil nutrients and recovering soil fertility in farming. Graphic Abstract
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Waste and Biomass Valorization
Keywords Bacillus amyloliquefaciens · Bioinoculants · Hibiscus sabdariffa · Organic amendment · Plant growth · Soil quality
Statement of Novelty Spent mushroom substrate was a rich source of nutrients for microbial growth. Longer shelf life of microbial cells in the SMS was obtained. It was as a low-cost carrier for producing bio-fertilizer.
Introduction Fertilization is an essential factor that provides soil nutrients for boosting crop productivity and quality. Chemical fertilizer has been widely and excessively used in agricultural production due to its convenience and rapid effects. The overuse of inorganic fertilizer has caused serious problems to soil fertility, environmental pollution, and human health. Organic or bio-fertilizer has become an alternative but effective for fertilizing soils and crops without damaging the environment [1, 2]. The use of plant growth promoting bacteria (PGPB) to enhance crop yield as well as soil quality has been widely studied and reported in previous literature. For example, B. amyloliquefaciens was investigated as PGPB due to its potential to stimulate plant growth and suppress plant-pathogenic microflora. B. amyloliquefaciens can also survive in the environment for a long period of time due to its ability to form endospores [3]. Liquid inoculant, a microbial suspension without or with additives, is the most common method to inoculate target bacterium into the soil. For most PGPB, the population of inoculated bacteria decreases
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