Vacuum-based quantum random number generator using multi-mode coherent states
- PDF / 436,865 Bytes
- 11 Pages / 439.37 x 666.142 pts Page_size
- 50 Downloads / 196 Views
Vacuum-based quantum random number generator using multi-mode coherent states E. O. Samsonov1,2 · B. E. Pervushin1 · A. E. Ivanova1,2 · A. A. Santev1 · V. I. Egorov1,2 · S. M. Kynev1,2 · A. V. Gleim3 Received: 31 May 2020 / Accepted: 12 August 2020 © Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract We present an optical quantum random number generator based on vacuum fluctuation measurements that uses multi-mode coherent states generated by electro-optical phase modulation of an intense optical carrier. In this approach the weak coherent multi-mode state (or a vacuum state) interferes with the carrier, which acts as a local oscillator, on each side mode independently. The proposed setup can effectively compensate for any deviations between the two arms of a balanced detector by controlling the modulation index of the modulator. We perform a proof-of-principle experiment and demonstrate random number generation with a possibility of real-time randomness extraction at the rate of 400 Mbit/s. The proposed concept has a potential for randomness generation rates comparable to the widely employed vacuum-based quantum random number generators. Keywords Quantum random number generator · Multi-mode coherent state · Coherent detection
1 Introduction Random number generation is highly relevant for many branches of modern science and technology [1–5]. The common solutions in this field are divided into two groups:
B
B. E. Pervushin [email protected] E. O. Samsonov [email protected]
1
ITMO University, Kronverksky Pr. 49, bldg. A, St. Petersburg, Russia 197101
2
Quanttelecom LLC., 6 liniya, Vasilievsky island d.59, korp. 1, lit. B, St. Petersburg, Russia 199178
3
Department of Quantum Communications, JSCo Russian Railways, Novaya Basmannaya, 2, Moscow, Russia 107174 0123456789().: V,-vol
123
326
Page 2 of 11
E. O. Samsonov et al.
pseudo [6] and physical [7] random number generators (RNG). Pseudo RNGs rely on deterministic processes, and their outcome may be predictable under certain conditions. Physical RNGs, which utilize the measurement outcomes in complex classical systems, could also be predictable (in a sense) due to an intrinsic deterministic nature of any non-quantum natural system [8]. These types of generators can satisfy the needs of most applications; however, they are unsuitable for the fields that require “fundamentally true” randomness, such as classical and quantum cryptography. It should also be noted that in practice certified non-quantum physical RNGs are relatively slow for modern applications. For instance, “true” RNGs with rates from hundreds of megahertz to gigahertz are required for running contemporary quantum cryptography systems, especially taking into account the need to accumulate large bit statistics to eliminate the finite size effects in the quantum keys [9,10]. One of the promising approaches offering high-speed true randomness relies on using entropy sources based on quantum optical effects. Non-determinism in quantum random number generation (QRNG)
Data Loading...
