Validated simultaneous HPTLC analysis of scopoletin and gallic acid in the methanolic fraction of Jatropha glandulifera
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INAL RESEARCH PAPER
Validated simultaneous HPTLC analysis of scopoletin and gallic acid in the methanolic fraction of Jatropha glandulifera Jyotsana Dwivedi1,3 · Abhishek Gupta2 · Sarvesh Paliwal3 · A. K. S. Rawat1 Received: 19 June 2020 / Accepted: 22 October 2020 / Published online: 20 November 2020 © Akadémiai Kiadó, Budapest, Hungary 2020
Abstract A high-performance thin-layer chromatography method for the simultaneous quantitative determination and validation of scopoletin and gallic acid in the methanolic fraction of Jatropha glandulifera L. was developed for the first time. For achieving good separation, the mobile phase of toluene‒ethyl acetate‒glacial acetic acid (7.5:2.5:0.1, V/V) was used. Densitometric determination was carried out at 254 nm for scopoletin and gallic acid, in reflection/absorption mode; the calibration curves were linear in the range of 100‒600 ng per spot. During the analysis, the methanolic fraction of J. glandulifera L. showed the presence of scopoletin (0.08%) and gallic acid (0.04%). The proposed method is simple, precise, specific, and accurate. The obtained data can be used for the routine analysis of reported biomarkers in crude drug and extracts. The simultaneous quantification and method validation of these biomarkers have not yet been reported in J. glandulifera L. which may be utilized for the proper standardization of the plant. Keywords Gallic acid · HPTLC · Jatropha glandulifera · Scopoletin
1 Introduction Jatropha species are used in traditional folklore medicine to cure various ailments in Africa, Asia, and Latin America [1]. Their usage as traditional health remedies is popular in Asia, Latin America, and Africa [2]. The highly colored oil extracts of the trunk, branch, and roots of the shrub Jatropha glandulifera (Roxb.) have been used for many years in Pakistan as a balsam for the relief of rheumatic pains. The two pigments responsible for the dark-red color of the wood were isolated and identified by a combination of spectroscopic and degradative techniques when the major pigment was found to be 3,3-dimethylacrylylshikonin and the minor pigment acetyl shikonin [3]. Several known species from genus Jatropha have been reported for their medicinal uses and biological activities * A. K. S. Rawat [email protected] 1
Pharmacognosy and Ethnopharmacology Division, CSIRNational Botanical Research Institute, Lucknow, India
2
Hygia Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Lucknow, India
3
Department of Pharmacy, Banasthali Vidyapeeth, Banasthali, India
such as J. glandulifera, J. gossypiifolia, J. integerrima, and J. curcas. Casbene-type diterpenes are found in the roots of J. glandulifera [4]. The acetone extract of the fresh leaves and the chloroform extract of the dry leaves of J. glandulifera exhibited the best molluscicidal activity [5]. J. glandulifera seed oil and roots are used for sinuses, ringworm, antiparalytic, rheumatic pain, and as purgative. The leaves are used in asthma, bronchitis, as analgesic, emmenagogue, and scorpion-s
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