Variations of Forage Yield and Nutrients with Altitude Gradients and Their Influencing Factors in Alpine Meadow of Sanji
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ORIGINAL PAPER
Variations of Forage Yield and Nutrients with Altitude Gradients and Their Influencing Factors in Alpine Meadow of Sanjiangyuan, China Chen Dongdong 1,2
& Li Qi
1,2
3
& Liu Zhe & He Fuquan
1,2
& Chen Xin
1,2,4
& Xu Shixiao
1,2
& Zhao Xinquan
1,2
& Zhao Liang
1,2
Received: 14 April 2020 / Accepted: 19 June 2020 # Sociedad Chilena de la Ciencia del Suelo 2020
Abstract This study aimed to investigate the forage yield and quality and extract factors affecting them and provide scientific support for ecological protection of alpine grassland and sustainable development of animal husbandry in the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau. Samples were collected in late August (peak of the growing season) 2014 in two mountain transects (Laji mountain, 36° 21′ N, 101° 27′ E, 3389–3876 m a.s.l. and Heitu mountain, 34° 22′ N, 100° 30′ E, 4121–4268 m a.s.l.) of Sanjiangyuan. Forage biomass and nutrients were measured by the national standard method, and influencing factors were extracted by RDA. Results showed that the forage yield decreased significantly with the increasing altitude, no matter in the mountain > 4000 m a.s.l. or < 4000 m a.s.l. Forage yield was more affected by environmental factors in low altitude areas, but less in high-altitude areas. Forage nutrients were mainly affected by altitude and soil organic carbon (SOC) (p < 0.01) on the mountain < 4000 m a.s.l., while on the mountain > 4000 m a.s.l., fiber and lignin were mainly affected by soil pH and SOC and crude protein (CP) by soil pH (p < 0.05) and total phosphorus (TP). Overall, with the increasing altitude, forage CP and fat (CF) increased, while neutral detergent fiber and acid detergent fiber decreased, implying that warming may lead to the decline of forage quality and then affect the safety of animal husbandry. Moreover, forage CP and CF were also affected by soil inorganic nitrogen and TP rather than SOC and soil total nitrogen. Keywords Sanjiangyuan . Alpine meadow . Forage yield . Forage nutrients . Environmental factors
Chen Dongdong and Li Qi contributed equally to this work. * Zhao Xinquan [email protected] * Zhao Liang [email protected] Chen Dongdong [email protected] 1
Key Laboratory of Adaptation and Evolution of Plateau Biota, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining 810008, Qinghai Province, China
2
Institute of Sanjiangyuan National Park, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining 810008, China
3
Shandong University of Arts, Jinan 250014, Shandong Province, China
4
University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
Abbreviations SJY Sanjiangyuan DM Dry matter CP Crude protein CF Crude fat CA Crude ash NDF Neutral detergent fiber ADF Acid detergent fiber ADL Acid detergent lignin SOC Soil organic carbon SIC Soil inorganic carbon TN Soil total nitrogen SIN Soil inorganic nitrogen TP Soil total phosphorous AGB Aboveground biomass SR Species richness RDA Redundancy analysis
J Soil Sci Plant Nutr
1 Introduction Grassland is one of the most important and widely distributed t
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