Vitamin D and Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: a Narrative Review
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REVIEW
Vitamin D and Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: a Narrative Review Yang Mu 1 & Dan Cheng 1 & Tai-lang Yin 1 & Jing Yang 1 Received: 5 June 2020 / Accepted: 19 October 2020 # Society for Reproductive Investigation 2020
Abstract Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is one of the most common endocrine disorders of reproductive age women and contributes to metabolic dysfunctions including insulin resistance (IR) and dyslipidemia. Vitamin D is a steroid hormone, which is involved in calcium metabolism and bone structure and has a potential role in the prevention of many illnesses, including cancers, autoimmune disorders, hypertension, diabetes, and obesity. Recently, it has been reported that vitamin D deficiency was a common complication of PCOS and vitamin D status was associated with reproductive ability, metabolic alterations, and mental health of PCOS patients. This review summarizes the advances between vitamin D status and the pathophysiological process of PCOS. Vitamin D level was negatively associated with serum androgen level. Vitamin D treatment could reduce serum androgen and anti-MüllerianHormone (AMH) levels, and decrease endometrial thickness, which resulted in improvement of menstrual cycle and folliculogenesis of PCOS patients. Moreover, vitamin D concentrations were negatively correlated with parameters of IR and body fat mass. Vitamin D supplementation has beneficial effects on IR and lipid metabolism. In addition, a positive of vitamin D on mental health of PCOS patients was proposed. Understanding the relationship between vitamin D status and the symptoms of PCOS patients is of great clinical significance to treat and prevent the progression of PCOS. Keywords Vitamin D . PCOS . Reproductive ability, metabolic disorders . Mental health
Introduction Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is one of the most common endocrine disorders of reproductive age women, with a prevalence up to 10% depending on diagnostic criteria used [1]. PCOS is a heterogeneous androgen excess disorder with different degrees of reproductive and metabolic dysfunctions as well as mental disorders [2–5]. Metabolic disturbances presenting in the women suffering from PCOS included insulin resistance (IR), hyperinsulinemia, and dyslipidemia [6–9]. Moreover, studies also revealed that mental disorders were also a common clinical manifestation of PCOS patients [10–12]. Vitamin D is a steroid hormone, which is associated with calcium metabolism and bone structure [13]. Moreover,
vitamin D deficiency has become a worldwide public health problem [13]. Previous studies have demonstrated that vitamin D exerts a potential in the prevention of cancers, autoimmune disorders, hypertension diabetes, and obesity [14–20]. Interestingly, accumulating evidence suggested an association of vitamin D status with pathogenesis, signs, and symptoms of PCOS [21–25]. In this article, we aimed to provide a concise review of advances in vitamin D and PCOS, including the physiological role of vitamin D and female reproduction, the relationship between vitamin D and
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