Voluntary exercise in mesothelioma: effects on tumour growth and treatment response in a murine model
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RESEARCH NOTE
Voluntary exercise in mesothelioma: effects on tumour growth and treatment response in a murine model Scott A. Fisher1,2*† , Carolyn J. Peddle‑McIntyre3,4†, Kimberley Burton1,2, Robert U. Newton3,4,5, Elly Marcq6, Richard A. Lake1 and Anna K. Nowak1,7
Abstract Objective: There is substantial evidence that exercise can safely reduce the risk of cancer and improve survival in different human cancer populations. Long latency periods associated with carcinogen–induced cancers like asbestos induced mesothelioma provide an opportunity to implement exercise as an intervention to delay or prevent disease development. However, there are limited studies investigating the ability of exercise to prevent or delay cancer, and exercise as a preventive strategy has never been assessed in models with a known carcinogen. We investigated the potential of voluntary exercise (VE) to delay development of asbestos related disease (ARD) in our well-characterised, asbestos induced MexTAg model of mesothelioma. Results: Asbestos exposed MexTAg mice were given continuous or delayed access to VE and ARD assessed over time. We found that the addition of VE did not affect ARD development in asbestos exposed MexTAg mice. However, non–asbestos exposed, aged matched control mice participated in significantly more VE behaviours, suggesting sub‑ clinical development of ARD after asbestos exposure had a greater impact on VE participation than age alone. These data highlight the importance of model choice and the potential limitation that some pre–clinical studies may not accurately represent the clinical paradigm, particularly in the context of prevention studies. Keywords: Asbestos, Mesothelioma, Exercise, MexTAg Introduction Mesothelioma is an asbestos induced cancer with poor prognosis. Treatment is usually palliative, with systemic therapy providing limited survival benefit [1, 2]. Despite mesothelioma having a long latent period (20-40 years) between asbestos exposure and diagnosis [3], there are currently no effective strategies to prevent mesothelioma onset after asbestos exposure. Carcinogen induced cancers progress through multiple genetic, epigenetic and *Correspondence: [email protected] † Scott A. Fisher, Carolyn J. Peddle-McIntyre contributed equally to this work 2 School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia Full list of author information is available at the end of the article
immunological modification, culminating in clinically apparent disease [4]. It is logical to hypothesise that some intervention during disease latency might delay onset of, or even prevent mesothelioma development. Such studies in humans require large participant numbers and take many years. However, animal studies allow for pre-clinical testing of these hypotheses, and subsequent selection of effective treatments for clinical trials. Strong epidemiological evidence indicates that physical activity is associated with a reduced risk of developing cancer [5]. Compared wi
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