Waste biomass of wine industry: a potential application of unbleached fibers produced by green approach
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ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Waste biomass of wine industry: a potential application of unbleached fibers produced by green approach Juan Pedro Elissetche 1,2
&
Carolina Puentes 2 & Claudia Vidal 2 & Miguel Pereira 3 & Victoria Melin 4
Received: 29 May 2020 / Revised: 17 August 2020 / Accepted: 26 August 2020 # Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Several agricultural wastes, such as the residues of the winemaking industry, have been tested using traditional chemical methods of pulping aimed to obtain bleached pulp, but only low yields and poor fiber quality have been achieved so far. In this work, we evaluate a two-stage chemi-thermomechanical pulping (CTMP) to assess the feasibility to add value to the residues of the wine industry (grape stalks and vine shoots) by obtaining fibers with papermaking and/or cardboard quality. The first stage of the process evaluates different conditions with low chemical charges of Na2SO3 and/or NaOH (3 to 5% on wood basis) at different temperatures (130 to 160 °C) for 60 min. The second stage consists of a mechanical refining that converts fiber bundles and shives into pulps. CTMP pulping performed with 5% Na2SO3 at 160 °C from grape stalks and vine shoots showed the best combination of fiber quality regarding higher screened pulp yield, lower rejects and fines content, and adequate drainability. Results showed that pulp from waste lignocellulosic of the winery industry can be produced by a green approach (low chemical charge and severity in CTMP pulping) and became an alternative for paper, packaging, fiber additives, or new biobased materials. Keywords Chemi-thermomechanical pulping . Grape stalks . Vine shoots . Cellulosic fibers . Wine waste biomass
1 Introduction Cellulosic pulp from lignocellulosic materials can be produced by mechanical, semichemical, or chemical pulping processes [1]. The Kraft chemical pulping process that uses NaOH and Na2S as delignifying agents is the most established because of its selective delignification, good pulp strength, and efficient chemical recovery cycle. In the high-yield chemi-thermomechanical pulping (CTMP) process, biomass is treated by chemicals, such as NaOH and/ or Na2SO3, that generate fibers swelling and increasing water retention [2].
* Juan Pedro Elissetche [email protected] 1
Facultad Ciencias Forestales, Departamento de Manejo de Bosques y Medio Ambiente, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile
2
Centro de Biotecnología, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile
3
Facultad de Ingeniería, Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile
4
Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Departamento de Química Analítica e Inorgánica, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile
Depending on their origin, the fibers are separated into long fibers that are mainly obtained from conifers (i.e., Pinus radiata) and short fibers that are obtained from broadleaf (i.e., Eucalyptus globulus). These processes are constantly being questioned due to high energy consumption, chemical reag
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