Wheat blast caused by Magnaporthe oryzae pathovar Triticum is efficiently controlled by the plant defence inducer isotia
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ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Wheat blast caused by Magnaporthe oryzae pathovar Triticum is efficiently controlled by the plant defence inducer isotianil Katharina Portz1 · Florencia Casanova1 · Angelina Jordine1 · Stefan Bohnert1 · Andreas Mehl2 · Daniela Portz2 · Ulrich Schaffrath1 Received: 26 June 2020 / Accepted: 8 September 2020 © The Author(s) 2020
Abstract Wheat blast caused by Magnaporthe oryzae pv. Triticum is an upcoming threat to wheat cultivation worldwide. The disease crossing over to wheat first gained attention in South America, with increasing interest coming from its more recent appearance in the big wheat-growing areas of Asia. The increasing economic relevance of the disease and the lack of genetic resistance in current wheat breeding material, besides fungicide resistance already present in fungal pathogen populations, highlighted the need to evaluate the potential of isotianil as an alternative plant protection measure. Isotianil is already registered in Asia for the protection of rice against M. oryzae, but because the agronomic practices and disease development of blast differ between rice and wheat, the efficacy of isotianil against wheat blast was hard to predict. Testing isotianil in the currently available formulations, applied either as seed treatment or soil drench, resulted in a significant reduction of disease severity. The efficacy was comparably high, on different wheat cultivars and using several fungal isolates with different degrees of virulence. Microscopic analyses revealed that isotianil treatment can prevent invasive growth of the pathogen. No phytotoxicity from isotianil treatment was observed on wheat plants. Importantly, isotianil not only protects wheat plants at the seedling stage but also on spikes thereby preventing losses due to this most severe disease syndrome. In summary, the results showed the high potential of isotianil to protect against wheat blast. Keywords Wheat blast · Plant defence inducer · Spike infection · Isotianil
Introduction Soon after humans began to cultivate plants, devastating plant pathogens emerged, hanging over the heads of farmers like the sword of Damocles. While mankind has striven for a long time to overcome these threats, e.g. thanks to the builder of the first green revolution, Norman Borlaug, who successfully fought against the wheat stem rust (Rajaram 2011), the challenge remains, as diseases evolve and Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s41348-020-00378-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * Ulrich Schaffrath [email protected]‑aachen.de 1
Department of Plant Physiology, RWTH Aachen University, 52056 Aachen, Germany
Bayer AG, Division Crop Science, 40789 Monheim, Germany
2
adapt; this is especially true in the case of novel races with enhanced virulence, such as the so-called warrior race of yellow rust (Puccinia stiiformis) or race Ug99 of stem rust (Puccinia graminis f.sp. tritici, Pgt) (Ellis et al. 2014). Additionally, patho
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