Woodchip-sulfur packed biological permeable reactive barrier for mixotrophic vanadium (V) detoxification in groundwater
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odchip-sulfur packed biological permeable reactive barrier for mixotrophic vanadium (V) detoxification in groundwater LI JiaLin & ZHANG BaoGang
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School of Water Resources and Environment, MOE Key Laboratory of Groundwater Circulation and Environmental Evolution, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing 100083, China Received April 20, 2020; accepted May 25, 2020; published online August 6, 2020
Groundwater vanadium (V) (V(V)) contamination is ubiquitous in vanadium mining/smelting region and development of novel strategy for its remediation is of particular significance. Herein woodchip-sulfur packed biological permeable reactive barrier (bio-PRB) is established towards successful V(V) bio-detoxification. V(V) removal was accelerated under such mixotrophic condition, compared with heterotrophic and autotrophic V(V) reductions. The performance of bio-PRB was relatively steady with V(V) removal efficiency of 68.5%–98.2% under fluctuant geochemical and hydrodynamic conditions. Microbial community analysis indicated that heterotrophic Geobacter was the main reducer to convert V(V) to insoluble V(IV), by consumption of organic source attributed to woodchip hydrolysis and sulfur anabolism of autotrophs (e.g., Sulfuricurvum and Thiobacillus). V(V) reduction and elemental sulfur oxidation were regulated by genes as omcA, omcB and mtrC and soxB, respectively. The elevated contents of cytochrome c and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide implied that improved electron transfer facilitated V(V) reduction. This study provides a cost-effective, robust and sustainable route for V(V)-polluted aquifer remediation. sulfur, vanadium, mixotrophic bio-reduction, groundwater, biological permeable reactive barrier Citation:
Li J L, Zhang B G. Woodchip-sulfur packed biological permeable reactive barrier for mixotrophic vanadium (V) detoxification in groundwater. Sci China Tech Sci, 2020, 63, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11431-020-1655-6
1 Introduction Vanadium is an strategically important metal that is widely utilized in steel, chemical and energy industries [1,2]. Its high demand stimulates intensive production from vanadium-bearing minerals [3]. Unfortunately, mining and smelting activities result in excessive vanadium in groundwater, threatening ecosystem and human health [4]. Vana−1 dium concentration up to 0.77 mg L is found in aquifer of a former vanadium ore processing facility at Rifle, Colorado, USA [5]. Groundwater nearby a vanadium tailings site in −1 Hubei, China contains vanadium as high as 9.66 mg L [6], −1 way above the 0.05 mg L limit for central drinking water *Corresponding author (email: [email protected], [email protected])
source in China [7]. Vanadium (V) (V(V)) is the most toxic and mobile form, while vanadium (IV) (V(IV)) is less toxic and insoluble at near neutral pH [8]. Microbial reduction of V(V) to V(IV) is an efficient and cost-effective method for V(V) detoxification [9,10]. Substrate is vitally important in this biotransformation by providing electron and/or carbon source for microbe [11].
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