Yearbook on Space Policy 2006/2007 New Impetus for Europe

The Yearbook on Space Policy aims to be the reference publication analysing space policy developments. Each year it presents issues and trends in space policy and the space sector as a whole. Its scope is global and its perspective is European. The Yearbo

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Edited by the European Space Policy Institute Director: Kai-Uwe Schrogl

Editorial Advisory Board: Herbert Allgeier Alvaro Azcarraga Alain Gaubert Peter Jankowitsch Andre Lebeau Jan-Baldem Mennicken

European Space Policy Institute Kai-Uwe Schrogl, Charlotte Mathieu, Nicolas Peter (eds.)

Yearbook on Space Policy 2006/2007 New Impetus for Europe

SpringerWienNewYork

European Space Policy Institute, Vienna, Austria Kai-Uwe Schrogl Charlotte Mathieu Nicolas Peter

This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically those of translation, reprinting, re-use of illustrations, broadcasting, reproduction by photocopying machines or similar means, and storage in data banks. Product Liability: The publisher can give no guarantee for all the information contained in this book. This does also refer to information about drug dosage and application thereof. In every individual case the respective user must check its accuracy by consulting other pharmaceutical literature. The use of registered names, trademarks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use.  2008 Springer-Verlag/Wien Printed in Austria SpringerWienNewYork is a part of Springer Science þ Business Media springer.at Cover illustration: “Artist’s impression of the new generation European meteorological satellite ‘MetOp-A’ launched on 19 October 2006.”  ESA-ACES Medialab Typesetting: Thomson Press (India) Ltd., Chennai Printing: Holzhausen Druck & Medien, 1140 Wien Printed on acid-free and chlorine-free bleached paper SPIN: 12250059

With 49 Figures Library of Congress Control Number: 2008926122

ISSN 1866-8305 ISBN 978-3-211-78922-3 SpringerWienNewYork

Preface Space policy is an issue area of particular strategic relevance. It receives a constantly growing attention by national governments and the European Union. It touches numerous important areas like security, science, technology, knowledge, information, mobility, environment or resource management, to name only a few. Through this, space policy draws from but also drives the most decisive aspects of modern society. An illustration for this statement can be given with a brief look on recent developments in space policy. In particular the adoption of the European Space Policy in May 2007, which had been jointly prepared by the European Space Agency and the European Commission, does have a tremendous impact on areas benefiting from space applications, like climate research, disaster management or resource management. The European Space Policy will also push areas like navigation or telecommunications, which are at the heart of the knowledge society and the megaissue of mobility. At the same time, security in all its facets is growingly depending on the use of space capabilities and space policy making has started to reflect this. On the global level, the initiatives for robotic and hu