Yield Estimation Model and Water Productivity of Wheat Crop (Triticum aestivum) in an Irrigation Command Using Remote Se
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RESEARCH ARTICLE
Yield Estimation Model and Water Productivity of Wheat Crop (Triticum aestivum) in an Irrigation Command Using Remote Sensing and GIS Narendra Kumar Gontia & Kamlesh N. Tiwari
Received: 1 November 2009 / Accepted: 29 April 2010 / Published online: 15 February 2011 # Indian Society of Remote Sensing 2011
Abstract Crop yield estimation has an important role on economy development and its accuracy and speed influence yield price and helps in deciding the excess or deficit production conditions. The water productivity evaluates the irrigation command through water use efficiency (WUE). Remote sensing (RS) and geographical information system (GIS) techniques were used for crop yield and water productivity estimation of wheat crop (Triticum aestivum) grown in Tarafeni South Main Canal (TSMC) irrigation command of West Bengal State in India. One IRS P6 image and four wide field sensor (WiFS) images for different months of winter season were used to determine the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) and Soil Adjusted Vegetation Index (SAVI) for area under wheat crop. The temporally and spatially distributed spectral growth profile and AREASUM of NDVI (ANDVI) and SAVI (ASAVI) with time after sowing of wheat crop were developed and correlated with actual crop yield of wheat (Yact). The developed relationships between ASAVI N. K. Gontia (*) Department of Soil and Water Engineering, College of Agricultural Engineering and Technology, Junagadh Agricultural University, Junagadh 362 001 Gujarat, India e-mail: [email protected] K. N. Tiwari Agricultural and Food Engineering Department, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur 721 302 WB, India e-mail: [email protected] e-mail: [email protected]
and Yact resulted high correlation in comparison to that of ANDVI. Using the developed model the RS based wheat yield (YRS) predicted from ASAVI varied on entire TSMC irrigation command from 22.67 to 33.13 q ha−1 respectively, which gave an average yield of 26.50 q ha−1. The RS generated yield based water use efficiency (WUEYRS) for water supplied from canal of TSMC irrigation command was found to be 6.69 kgha−1 mm−1. Keywords Crop yield modeling . Water productivity . Water use efficiency . Spectral growth profile . AREASUM . Remote sensing . Geographical Information System (GIS)
Introduction Crop yield estimation is necessary, particularly in countries like India, which depend on agriculture as their main source of economy. Crop yield estimation helps decision makers to take decision in respect to the excess or deficit production conditions and allow timely import and export decisions. Therefore, policy of agricultural-economic and yield price are influence by the accuracy and speed of crop yield estimation. Crop yield estimation has an important role on economy development (Hayes and Decker 1996). Because of the population increment there is a growing need for micro-level planning and particularly the demand for crop insurance (Prasad et al. 2006), which increases the need for field level yield
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