Zn 2+ substituted superparamagnetic MgFe 2 O 4 spinel-ferrites: Investigations on structural and spin-interactions
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ISSN 2226-4108 CN 10-1154/TQ
Research Article
Zn2+ substituted superparamagnetic MgFe2O4 spinel-ferrites: Investigations on structural and spin-interactions Lakshita PHOR*, Surjeet CHAHAL, Vinod KUMAR* Department of Physics, Deenbandhu Chhotu Ram University of Science and Technology, Murthal 131039, Haryana, India Received: March 28, 2020; Revised: May 27, 2020; Accepted: June 10, 2020 © The Author(s) 2020.
Abstract: Nano-magnetic ferrites with composition Mg1–xZnxFe2O4 (x = 0.3, 0.4, 0.5, 0.6, and 0.7) have been prepared by coprecipitation method. X-ray diffraction (XRD) studies showed that the lattice parameter was found to increase from 8.402 to 8.424 Å with Zn2+ ion content from 0.3 to 0.7. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectra revealed two prominent peaks corresponding to tetrahedral and octahedral at around 560 and 430 cm–1 respectively that confirmed the spinel phase of the samples. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images showed that the particle size was noted to increase from 18 to 24 nm with an increase in Zn content from x = 0.3 to 0.7. The magnetic properties were studied by vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM) and electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) which ascertained the superparamagnetic behavior of the samples and contribution of superexchange interactions. The maximum magnetization was found to vary from 23.80 to 32.78 emu/g that increased till x = 0.5 and decreased thereafter. Further, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) was employed to investigate the chemical composition and substantiate their oxidation states. Keywords: nanoparticles (NPs); nanospinel ferrites; structural properties; magnetism; coprecipitation method
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Introduction
Nano-spinel ferrites have drawn considerable attention of researchers owing to their fascinating and noticeably distinguishing characteristics than their corresponding bulk part. They have a wide range of applications in diverse fields like memory storage devices, high-density magnetic recording discs, ferrofluids, magnetocaloric refrigeration, hyperthermia, drug delivery, and many other biomedical applications [1–6]. A cubic spinel * Corresponding authors. E-mail: L. Phor, [email protected]; V. Kumar, [email protected]
ferrite possesses a general formula AB2O4 where A is divalent metal ion like (Mg, Mn, Zn, Ni, etc.). It consists of an FCC lattice of oxygen anions in which metal ions (M2+, Fe3+) occupy tetrahedral (A) and octahedral (B) sites. MgFe2O4 is predominantly an inverse spinel ferrite with Mg2+ ions occupying B sites and Fe3+ ions distributed over A and B sites with formula unit (Fe3+)A[Mg2+Fe3+]BO4. However, the degree of inversion depends on the heating effects. On the other hand, ZnFe2O4 is a typical normal spinel ferrite with formula unit (Zn2+)A[Fe23+]BO4 as Zn2+ ions preferentially occupy A sites. Amongst the ferrites investigated, Mg1–xZnxFe2O4 is soft, magnetic, and mixed spinel
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J Adv Ceram 2020, 9(5): 0–0
ferrite, having a variety of applications like catalysis, humidity sensing, m
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