ZnS x O 1-x Films Grown on Flexible Substrates
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ZnSxO1-x Films Grown on Flexible Substrates Jesse Huso1, Hui Che1, John L. Morrison1, Dinesh Thapa1, Michelle Huso1, Stanley Rhodes1, Brianna Blanchard1, Wei Jiang Yeh1, M. D. McCluskey2 and Leah Bergman1 1 Physics Department, University of Idaho Moscow, ID 83844-0903, U.S.A. 2 Department of Physics and Materials Science Program, Washington State University Pullman, WA 99164-2814, U.S.A. ABSTRACT Bandgap engineered ZnSxO1-x films were grown on Fluorinated Ethylene Propylene (FEP) substrates and analyzed using transmission spectroscopy. FEP is considered as a potential substrate for application in flexible electronics and semiconductor films. INTRODUCTION ZnO has been widely investigated for potential use as a blue and UV light source. Due to its relatively benign chemistry ZnO also presents the possibility of reducing the usage of toxic materials in technology. However, the ability to engineer the bandgap of a ZnO based material is essential to the creation of such devices. The alloy system MgxZn1-xO has been known for some time to allow the bandgap of ZnO based materials to be moved deeper into the UV range, however there are few options for achieving a decrease of the bandgap into the visible range. While a decrease of the bandgap into the visible range is possible, achieving such a change typically involves the use of toxic materials such as cadmium[1,2]. There are alternatives however. It has been show that highly lattice mismatched alloy systems such as ZnO1-xSex [3] and ZnSxO1-x [4] display extreme bowing parameters that can result in bandgaps well below those of either of the end members. In this work we consider the ZnSxO1-x system. The end member ZnS is a compound widely found in nature as the mineral sphalerite, and is quite benign chemically. While both ZnO and ZnS have bandgaps in the UV range, 3.34 eV and 3.84 eV [5] respectively, the large bowing parameter allows the bandgap of ZnSxO1-x to reach well into the visible range. Consequently ZnSxO1-x has been suggested as a possible route for achievement of bandgap reduction of ZnO based materials[5] without the use of highly toxic materials such as cadmium. In addition, with ever more demanding requirements for sensor and display applications, flexible materials are poised to make a very significant impact in many areas. Among other advantages of flexible materials are the ability to fabricate devices in large volumes using roll-toroll technology[6], the ability to conform to surfaces, potential to be waterproofed, and the potential to remain operable even after repeated bending[7]: conditions that would destroy most electronic devices. However, growing useful materials on flexible substrates is often challenging due in part to the low melting points and poor chemical resistance of many flexible substrate materials. Furthermore, many plastics are opaque in the UV range, severely limiting their usefulness in the UV range. However, progress is being made in these areas. Previous work demonstrated ZnO and MgZnO films grown on fluorinated ethylene propylene (F
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