4E assessment of power generation systems for a mobile house in emergency condition using solar energy: a case study
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4E assessment of power generation systems for a mobile house in emergency condition using solar energy: a case study Alireza Refiei1 · Reyhaneh Loni2 · Gholamhassan Najafi2 · Evangelos Bellos3 · Mohsen Sharifpur4,5 · Dongsheng Wen6,7 Received: 23 May 2020 / Accepted: 17 August 2020 © Akadémiai Kiadó, Budapest, Hungary 2020
Abstract In this study, a solar parabolic trough concentrator (PTC) was evaluated as a heat source of a power generation system based on energy (E1), exergy (E2), environmental (E3), and economic (E4) analyses. Various configurations of power generation systems were investigated, including the solar SRC (SRC) and solar ORC (ORC). Water and R113 were used as heat transfer fluids of SRC and ORC system, respectively. It should be mentioned that the proposed solar systems were evaluated for providing the required power of a mobile house in an emergency condition such as an earthquake that was happened in Kermanshah, Iran, in 2016 with many homeless people. The PTC system was optically and thermally investigated based on sensitivity analysis. The optimized PTC system was assumed as a heat source of the RC with two various configurations for power generation. Then, the solar RC systems were investigated based on 4E analyses for providing the power of the mobile house based on various numbers of solar RC units. It was concluded that the solar SRC system could be recommended for achieving the highest 4E performance. The highest value of its energy efficiency was found at 24.60% and of his exergy at 26.37%. On the other hand, the ORC system has energy and exergy efficiencies at 17.64% and 18.91%, respectively, which are significantly lower than the efficiencies of the SRC system. The optimum heat source temperature for the SRC system is found at 650 K, while for the ORC system at 499 K. Moreover, the best economic performance was found with the SRC system with a payback period of 7.47 years. Finally, the C O2 mitigated per annum ( 𝜑CO2 ) was estimated at 5.29 (tones year−1), and the carbon credit ( ZCO2 ) was calculated equal to 76.71 ($ year−1). Keywords 4E analyses · Parabolic trough collector, ORC · Comparative study · Solar parametric analysis List of symbols APTC Parabolic trough concentrator aperture, m2 Cel Financial value of electricity produced, € kWh−1 CF Cash flow, € Et, year Yearly electricity production, kWh Et Total electricity production for all the lifetime, kWh Exsun Exergy flow of the direct sun irradiation, W
Fr Friction factor Ft Cost of fossil fuel, € h Heat transfer coefficient, W m−2K−1 It Investment cost, € Isun Solar direct beam irradiation, W m−2 k Thermal conductivity, W mK−1 LCOE Levelized cost of electricity, € kWh−1 m Mass flow rate, kg s−1
* Gholamhassan Najafi [email protected]
3
Thermal Department, School of Mechanical Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, Athens, Greece
* Mohsen Sharifpur [email protected]; [email protected]
4
Department of Mechanical and Aeronautical Engineering, University of Pre
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