A comparative study on the thermomechanical and electrical properties of carbide/or graphite/epoxy-reinforced composites
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A comparative study on the thermomechanical and electrical properties of carbide/or graphite/epoxy‑reinforced composites S. Gioti1 · S. G. Stavropoulos1 · A. Sanida1 · G. C. Psarras1 Received: 29 November 2019 / Accepted: 14 September 2020 © Akadémiai Kiadó, Budapest, Hungary 2020
Abstract Three series of epoxy composite systems were fabricated and tested varying the filler type and content. An epoxy resin was employed as the matrix, while boron carbide (B4C), titanium carbide (TiC), and graphite (C) microparticles were the reinforcing phases. The behavior of these systems under the influence of time-varying mechanical stress was investigated via dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA), while their thermal response was examined by means of differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Furthermore, systems’ morphology was investigated via scanning electron microscopy, whereas their dielectric properties were examined using broadband dielectric spectroscopy. Storage modulus, loss tangent, dielectric permittivity, and electrical conductivity were studied with parameters filler type, content, and temperature. Glass transition temperature was also determined using DMA and DSC tests. The present work examines the reinforcing ability of the employed fillers, upon the dynamic mechanical properties as well as on the electrical properties and the energy storing ability of their epoxy composites, which have been prepared under identical filler loadings and fabrication conditions. Moreover, the optimum thermomechanical or electrical performance is determined as a function of the reinforcing phase type and content. Keywords Polymer composites · Thermomechanical behavior · Dielectric properties · AC conductivity · Energy storage
Introduction Polymer matrix composites are implemented in a variety of applications, and thus, they form a class of technologically important materials, mainly because of their multifunctional properties, their easiness to be formed in complex shapes, as well as their low cost [1–4]. Composites can be classified according to the aspect ratio of the used filler and their performance can be tailored by suitably selecting the type and the amount of inclusions. Fiber or/and particle-reinforced composite materials address the requirements of numerous applications, in various areas of technology, due to their thermomechanical, physical properties and their anti-corrosive performance. Reinforcements provide a stiffer and stronger mechanical response, as well as enhanced electrical properties compared to the matrix [5–8].
* G. C. Psarras [email protected] 1
Smart Materials and Nanodielectrics Laboratory, Department of Materials Science, University of Patras, 26504 Patras, Hellas, Greece
Particulate composites are fabricated and used even from the early stage of composites’ development, mostly because of their electrical, magnetic, thermal, and optical properties [7–11]. On the contrary, when advanced mechanical performance is needed, fiber-reinforced composites come into the frontline. However, of parti
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