A Facile and Cost-Effective Approach to Fabricate In-Situ Synthesized Graphene Nanosheet Reinforced 316L Stainless Steel
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https://doi.org/10.1007/s11837-020-04440-w Ó 2020 The Minerals, Metals & Materials Society
GRAPHENE-BASED COMPOSITE MATERIALS AND APPLICATIONS
A Facile and Cost-Effective Approach to Fabricate In-Situ Synthesized Graphene Nanosheet Reinforced 316L Stainless Steel WEIJIA REN,1,3 ANG LI,1,3 WEI ZHANG,1,3 YANJIE YANG,1,3 SHIQI ZHOU,1,3 LAN SHI,1,3 QIHANG ZHOU,1,3 MAOBAO LIU and XIANHUI WANG4,6
,2,3,5
1.—Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Multifunctional Materials and Structures, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, People’s Republic of China. 2.—State Key Laboratory for Strength and Vibration of Mechanical Structures, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, People’s Republic of China. 3.—School of Aerospace Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, People’s Republic of China. 4.—School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xi’an University of Technology, Xi’an 710048, People’s Republic of China. 5.—e-mail: [email protected]. 6.—e-mail: [email protected]
A facile and cost-effective approach was used to fabricate in situ synthesized graphene nanosheet reinforced 316L stainless steel (GNS-316L), which involved in situ synthesis of graphene nanosheets (GNS) in 316L stainless steel (316L) powder by three-dimensional vibration milling of 316L powder with graphite paper as the carbon source, along with consolidation via spark plasma sintering. The microstructure was characterized by scanning electron microscope (SEM) and the mechanical properties were determined by tensile tests. As a result, a microhardness of 408 HV and an ultimate tensile strength of 508 MPa can be attained for the 0.05 wt.% GNS-316L, which are respectively enhanced by 35% and 23% as compared to 316L stainless steel. The merits of this method are its low cost, simple preparation, and absence of harmful chemical reagents used during the preparation process. This work can open up practical applications for preparing GNS reinforced metal matrix materials in large-scale production.
INTRODUCTION The unique two-dimensional (2D) graphene and graphene-based materials have instigated an upsurge in research, from academia to industries, owing to their extraordinarily high Young’s modulus, strength, and low density. Thus far, GNS has been recognized as a wondrous reinforcement for metal matrix composites (MMCs).1,2 In recent years, numerous researchers have exerted great efforts to endow metals or alloys with these intriguing properties, and have conducted extensive studies for the fabrication of GNS reinforced MMCs, which
(Received July 2, 2020; accepted October 6, 2020)
virtually exhibits the superior mechanical properties over the metal matrix, including Al,3–5 Mg,6,7 Cu,8–12 Ni,13–16 Fe,17,18 and Ti.19–22 To achieve industrial mass production with the desired properties of GNS-MMCs, the incorporation of GNS in the metal matrix requires specifically designed dispersion and processing techniques. The direct addition of GNS is a conventional route for the fabrication of GNS reinforced metal matrix composites. However, the proh
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