A mediator-free self-powered glucose biosensor based on a hybrid glucose/MnO 2 enzymatic biofuel cell
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A mediator-free self-powered glucose biosensor based on a hybrid glucose/MnO2 enzymatic biofuel cell Shuai Hao1,2, He Zhang1,2, Xiaoxuan Sun1,2, Junfeng Zhai1 (), and Shaojun Dong1,2 () 1
State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China 2 Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China © Tsinghua University Press and Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020 Received: 9 July 2020 / Revised: 7 September 2020 / Accepted: 8 September 2020
ABSTRACT Self-powered glucose biosensor (SPGB) is of great interest due to the advantages including single configuration, good stability and particularly no need of external power sources. Herein, a mediator-free SPGB with high sensitivity and good selectivity is constructed based on a hybrid enzymatic biofuel cell (EBFC) composed of a glucose oxidase/cobalt phthalocyanine/1-pyrenebutyric acid/ buckypaper (GOD/CoPc/PBA/BP) bioanode and a MnO2/PBA/BP capacitive cathode. The efficient electron transfer from GOD to electrodes is achieved successfully through the anode oxidation of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), one nature product of glucose oxidation catalyzed by GOD, thus avoiding the potential drawbacks posed by the use of redox mediators. CoPc servers as an efficient catalyst to lower the anode potential required by the reaction of H2O2 to 0.17 V. The MnO2/PBA/BP capacitive cathode is utilized because it can not only provide a high discharge potential and adequate capacitance to match the bioanode well, but also exhibit no potential interference to the anodic reaction. The concentration of glucose can be detected simply by measuring the output of the SPGB and a wide linear detection range from 0.5 to 8 mM has been obtained with high sensitivities of 48.66 and 32.12 μA·cm–2·mM–1 with and without stirring, respectively. The recoveries of glucose in grape juice and human serum are in the range from 99.5% to 101.2% with the relative standard deviation (RSD) less than 8%, indicating the good promise of the SPGB in sensing glucose in real samples.
KEYWORDS self-powered glucose biosensor, glucose oxidase, mediator-free, hydrogen peroxide, capacitive cathode
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Introduction
Glucose detection is indispensable in a wide range of practical applications, for example, clinical diagnosis, diet management of diabetes and food quality control [1–5]. Conventional methods including high performance liquid chromatography [6, 7], spectrophotometers and fluorescent techniques [8, 9], have been established for glucose detection, but suffering greatly from the requirements of large-scale and high-precision instruments and trained personnel. Recently, self-powered glucose biosensor (SPGB) has attracted comparative attentions, due not only to the advantages including the simplicity of configuration, good stability and especially no need of external power sources [10, 11], but also the good promise in portable, convenient, remote and field detection
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